Abstract
Objective: This study was conceived to investigate the pathogenicity of relapsed (Diminazene aceturate-resistant), field (original) and mixed (relapsed and field) isolates of Trypanosoma brucei brucei in rats. Materials and methods: Twenty eight healthy adult albino rats of both sexes weighing between 149-177 gm were used to compare the pathogenicity of relapsed, field and the mixed isolates of T. brucei brucei infections. The rats were separated into four groups (A-D); where, group A was kept as uninfected control, and group B was infected with 1x10 3 trypanosomes of the field isolate and 1x10 3 trypanosomes of the diminazene aceturate resistant isolate. The rats of groups C and D were infected with 1x10 6 trypanosomes of the diminazene aceturate-resistant isolate and 1x10 6 trypanosomes of the field isolate, respectively. Results: The infected rats became parasitemic within 4 to 8 days post-infection. The mean pre-patent periods (PP) were 4.1±1.1, 6.0±2.0 and 9.1±1.1 days in groups B, C and D respectively, while the mean survival time (ST) in groups B, C and D were 21.4±10.1, 27.1±13.2 and 34.0 ±12.8 days, respectively. The PP and ST were shortest ( P 0.05) in groups C and D and more severe ( P <0.05) in group B. Conclusion: Mixed infections exhibit shortest PP, ST, higher level of parasitemia and more severe anemia, and appear to be more pathogenic. http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2017.d197
Highlights
Trypanosomosis is a disease caused by a flagellated hemoprotozoan parasite of the family Trypanosomatidae that causes infection in animals and humans (Igbokwe et al, 2009)
Diminazene aceturate is an anti-trypanosomal drug which is normally curative at a dose of 3.5 mg/kg body weight (Onyeyili and Egwu, 1995), but relapses have been reported after treatment with higher doses in animals infected with different Trypanosoma brucei strains (Kaggwa et al, 1988; Egbe-Nwiyi and Antia, 1996; Egbe-Nwiyi et al, 2006; Egbe-Nwiyi et al, 2014)
Trypanosomes: T. brucei brucei field isolate was isolated from slaughtered pig at Nsukka abattoir in 2010, and the relapsed isolate of T. brucei brucei was obtained from a rat infected with the field isolate which was treated with diminazene aceturate
Summary
This study was conceived to investigate the pathogenicity of relapsed (Diminazene aceturate-resistant), field (original) and mixed (relapsed and field) isolates of Trypanosoma brucei brucei in rats. Materials and methods: Twenty eight healthy adult albino rats of both sexes weighing between 149-177 gm were used to compare the pathogenicity of relapsed, field and the mixed isolates of T. brucei brucei infections. The PP and ST were shortest (P
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