Comparison of Parathyroid Hormone and Vitamin-D Levels in Individuals with Prediabetes, Diabetes and Normoglycemia

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate levels of Parathyroid Hormone (PTH), Vitamin D and glycaemic control in individuals with diabetes, prediabetes and normoglycemia. Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemical Pathology, Combined Military Hospital, Quetta Pakistan from Jan to Jun 2020. Methodology: We included subjects with diabetes, prediabetes, and normoglycemia and were divided into three groups i.e.,normoglycemic, prediabetics, and diabetics based on their Fasting Plasma Glucose and Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. They were further divided into subgroups based onsubjects’ Vitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone levels. Results: Vitamin D was deficient in all groups. Patients with prediabetes with Vitamin D deficiency had raised Parathyroid Hormone levels but patients with Vitamin D insufficiency had normal Parathyroid Hormone levels. Patients with diabetes with Vitamin D deficiency had raised Parathyroid Hormone while patients with Vitamin D insufficiency had normal Parathyroid Hormone levels. Healthy subjects with Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency had normal Parathyroid hormone. About 90% of diabetics had Vitamin D deficiency and raised Parathyroid hormone with HbA1c>7% while 10% were withVitamin D insufficiency and normal Parathyroid hormone level with good glycaemic control (HbA1c<7%). Conclusion: Vitamin D was deficient in all groups suggesting the importance of Vitamin D supplementation. Patients having raised Parathyroid hormone levels and Vitamin D deficiency have glycaemic dysregulation in prediabetics and diabetics. It signifies the importance of measuring Vitamin D and PTH levels in Diabetes Mellitus, particularly response of Parathyroid hormone towards diabetics.