Abstract
Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.), a native multipurpose tree species, produces good general-purpose timber, biodiesel, and medicine. The most widely used method of establishing the species is transplanting nursery-grown containerized seedlings. The research was aimed to compare the success of plant establishment methods, including direct seeding, direct seeding using seed pellet, bare-root seedling, containerized, and blocked media seedlings. Randomized block design with three blocks was set up for evaluation of field performances including seedling survival, height, collar diameter, root development, and biomass at nine months old. The estimated cost based on 1000 target plants in each method was calculated. Seedling grown up on blocked media and containerized media had the highest field performances (survival, growth, and biomass) followed by bare-root seedlings. Direct seeding using seed pellet tended to have better root formation, especially in tap root length, tap root biomass, and bellow-ground biomass. Based on the cost estimation, direct seeding was twice lower compared to transplanting of containerized and blocked media seedlings. However, planting of blocked media and containerized seedlings was more effective in rapidly growth and establishing canopy, but need higher cost. Whereas direct seeding using seed pellet was more cost efficient. Direct seeding using seed pellet was a promising alternative method for plant establishment of nyamplung.
Highlights
Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L., family Clusiaceae) is a large tree of shorelines and coastal forests
Nyamplung seed character is categorized as intermediate seed, so the seed pellets were dried at room condition (27 °C) for 2 days and the seed pellets were applied in direct seeding
Comparison study for seedling survival revealed that the transplanting of blocked media seedlings and containerized seedlings statistiscally recorded the same values and they were significantly different with survival of bare-root seedlings and direct seeding
Summary
Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L., family Clusiaceae) is a large tree of shorelines and coastal forests. It usually grows 12−20 m in height, and open-grown trees can develop wide and crowns. 2012) and various parts of the plant have bioactive compounds (alkaloid, tannin, triterpenoid, flavonoid, and saponin) that potential for medicine materials, including antibiotic and analgesic (Misra et al 2010; Susanto et al 2017) Seeds of this species contain oil that is potential for producing biodiesel (Kumar & Sharma 2011; Dewajani et al 2014) and categorized as a no edible fruit so it is not competed with food necessity
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