Abstract
This study was aimed at comparing nutrient composition of some bird eggs in their raw and boiled forms. The different varieties were exotic chicken, local chicken, turkey, quail and guinea fowl eggs. The eggs were shelled and their contents (boiled and raw) lyophilized. Standard AOAC methods were used for determination of proximate, mineral and vitamin compositions. Results showed the boiled eggs having higher nutrient concentrations than the raw eggs across all species. Guinea fowl egg had significantly higher (p < 0.05) content of protein, fat and most micronutrients. The eggs were rich in microelements, with guinea fowl egg having the best sodium-potassium ratio (0.66). Turkey eggs had significantly (p < 0.05) higher iron content in the raw and boiled samples (7.2 ± 0.09 mg/100g and 9.6 mg/100g, respectively). This study showed some “less-popular”/underutilized eggs having certain nutrients in significantly greater quantities; hence exploiting these may greatly improve diet quality and nutritional status of consumers.
Highlights
Malnutrition has continued to be a public health challenge all over the world, but in low and middle-income countries including Nigeria [1]
This study is aimed at determining the nutrient composition of exotic chicken, local chicken, turkey, quail and guinea fowl eggs, in order that their potentials can be exploited for nutrition-sensitive agricultural practice, enhance food security and improve nutritional status
The results of the proximate composition and energy value of the five raw and boiled eggs presented in Table 1 indicate that, protein content varied significantly (p < 0.05) among all the raw samples with guinea fowl egg having the highest protein content (20.3% ± 0.15%) and turkey egg having the lowest (11.5% ± 0.44%)
Summary
Malnutrition (undernutrition and over-nutrition) has continued to be a public health challenge all over the world, but in low and middle-income countries including Nigeria [1]. There are many more animal source foods which should be explored in order to improve food security and narrow the protein gap still persisting in many low and middle-income countries. Among these animal food sources are eggs, fish, snails and insects. Some foods are considered healthy depending on their nutrient content, while others are considered to be unhealthy [5]
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