Abstract
Objective. The aim is to compare the three references used for the classification of the nutritional status of 36 to 60 month-old children in Huancayo province (Peru). For a long time, NCHS-1977 reference has been used for child growth monitoring, recently the new WHO-2006 Child Growth Standards is being used, and CDC-2000 reference usage has been restricted. Methods. Data collected from 2640 children over the period 1992 to 2007 served as basis for determining the nutritional children status using Anthro V.3.0 and EpiInfo 6.04. Internationally cutoff points used in every assessed reference system helped to determine the nutritional status and to calculate the Z-scores of height-for-age, weight-for-age, weight-for-height and body mass index differentiated by sex. Results. The underweight, stunting and wasting percentages (period 992-2007), determined with NCHS-1977 reference were 8.4%, 28.8% and 0.9%; with CDC-2000 reference were 10.2%; 19.1% and 3.3%, and with WHO-2006 standard were 6.6%, 33.9% and 1.4% respectively. The overweight and obesity percentages determined with CDC-2000 standard were 11.4% and 4.20%, and with WHO-2006 standard were 8.0% and 0.9%, respectively. Conclusions. A more realistic and accurate detection of malnutrition prevalence in 36-to-60 month-old children from Huancayo province was carried out using the new WHO Child Growth Standard. Using the CDC-2000 standard is recommended in overweight monitoring cases.
Highlights
The percentage of underweight was greater with CDC reference, followed by NCHS and WHO (Table 1)
New WHO Pattern determined lower high stature percentage, which was higher with CDC and NCHS references (Table 2)
This result confirms the findings of several authors [2,19,21,25,26], who consider the concept was resumed for Body Mass Index (BMI)-CDC reference to identify weight problems due to the overweight epidemic
Summary
Most people in the Andean Region live in deprivation and poverty conditions and Peru is not the exception. As for 2007, 42.5% lived in poverty and 12% in extreme poverty, 74.0% and 58.1% of poverty corresponds to rural zone and highland region respectively [1]. In 2004, 67.3% of preschool population was in poverty conditions [2]. The stunting prevalence in children under five years, for 2000 and 2007 was 25.4% and 22.6%, respectively [3,4]. In many Andean communities sometimes poverty reached to 100% [5], overweight related to energy-dense diets with highly regressive distribution of stunting in lower income groups was found [6], while the health and social services distribution benefit the higher income groups of urban zone [7]. Obesity was reported in children under five (6.3%) placing Peru in the eighth position after Algeria (9.2%), Egypt (8.6%), Argentina (7.3%) and Chile (7%) [8]
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