Abstract
In this study, Collection 6.1 (C6.1) of different aerosol optical depth (AOD) products of different spatial resolutions were used from the aqua moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) including dark target (DT), deep blue (DB), deep blue (DB), and DT-DB (DTB). These products were compared with cloud-aerosol lidar, and infrared pathfinder satellite observation (CALIPSO) AOD retrievals over the Yellow River Basin (YERB), China from 2003 to 2017. The YERB was divided into three sub-regions, namely YERB1 (the mountainous terrain in the upper reaches of the YERB), YERB2 (the Loess Plateau region in the middle reaches of the YERB), and YERB3 (the plain region downstream of the YERB). Errors and agreement between MODIS and CALIPSO data were reported using Pearson’s correlation (R) and relative mean bias (RMB). Results showed that the CALIPSO whole layers AOD (AODS) were better matched with MODIS AOD than the CALIPSO lowest layer AOD (AOD1). The time series of AOD shows higher values in spring and summer, and a small difference in AOD products was observed in autumn. The overall average value of CALIPSO AOD and MODIS AOD both fitted the order: YERB3 > YERB2 > YERB1. The CALIPSO AOD retrievals have the best consistency with the DTB10K and the lowest consistency with DT3K. Overall, the regional distributions of the CALIPSO AOD and MODIS AOD are significantly different over the YERB, and the difference is closely related to the season, region, and topography. This study can help researchers understand the difference of aerosol temporal and spatial distribution utilizing different satellite products over YERB, and also can provide data and technical support for the government in atmospheric environmental governance over YERB.
Highlights
Atmospheric aerosols are solid and liquid particles with a size between 0.01 and 100 nm, which have complex physical, chemical, and optical characteristics (Nichol et al 2020; Ziyue Zhang and Miao Zhang contributed to this study.Tian et al 2018)
According to the characteristics of the Yellow River Basin (YERB), this paper evaluates the performance of the CALIPSO aerosol optical depth (AOD) product over the YERB by comparing it with the Aqua moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) C6.1 AOD products
The results show poor correlation between DT AOD retrievals at 3 km (DT3K) and CALIPSO (AOD1 and AODS); for example, R is only 0.35 and 0.40 for AOD1 and AODS, respectively; RMSE was 0.35 for A OD1 and 0.34 for A ODS; 35.18% of retrievals were within the expected error (EE) for AOD1 and 52.07% for AODS; 7.71% and 12.89% of retrievals were below the EE, and 57.11% and 35.04% of retrievals were above, for AOD1 and AODS, respectively
Summary
Atmospheric aerosols are solid and liquid particles with a size between 0.01 and 100 nm, which have complex physical, chemical, and optical characteristics (Nichol et al 2020; Ziyue Zhang and Miao Zhang contributed to this study.Tian et al 2018). Atmospheric aerosols are solid and liquid particles with a size between 0.01 and 100 nm, which have complex physical, chemical, and optical characteristics Due to the irregular spatial and temporal distribution of aerosols, which varies greatly with time, their optical and physical characteristics are unstable. Long-term observation of aerosols is a key requirement for studying the characteristics of aerosols (Bilal et al 2014; Han et al 2018; Miao et al 2020; Misra et al 2008). Aerosols are responsible for environmental pollution; they are major components of haze, dust, and other extreme weather conditions. The study of aerosols can deepen researchers’ understanding of their environmental effects and provide
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