Abstract
Abstract Objectives The objective of the present study was to compare the dentoskeletal effects of mini-screw-assisted rapid maxillary expansion (RME) in children with different body mass index (BMI) percentiles. Study design The study was performed on 20 patients who were divided into two groups based on their BMI percentiles as normal-weight (n = 10) and overweight-obese (n = 10). The linear, angular and area analyses were performed on lateral and postero-anterior cephalometric radiographs and three-dimensional dental models before and after RME therapy. Results A statistically significant increase was observed in maxillary intermolar and intercanine distances and palatal area measurements in both groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups when dental RME changes were measured on 3D models. A significant difference was observed in latero-nasal and maxillo-mandibular width as well as postero-anterior cephalometric parameters between the groups (P < 0.05). While a significant change was observed in the SN-GoMe, FMA, Z angle, Wits appraisal, total anterior facial height and lower anterior facial height parameters in the normal-weight group (P < 0.05), a statistically significant change was observed in the gonial and nasolabial angles in the overweight-obese group. Conclusions Mini-screw-assisted RME treatment significantly increased maxillary intermolar and intercanine width, and the palatal area in both groups; however, there was no significant difference between the BMI groups.
Highlights
The number of overweight and obese individuals is increasing at an alarming rate in both developing and developed countries
Informed consent was obtained from the parents prior to commencement
The patients were divided into two groups based on their body mass index (BMI) percentiles: the participants in the first group were normal-weight individuals (n = 10), while the second group was comprised of overweight and obese individuals (n = 10)
Summary
The number of overweight and obese individuals is increasing at an alarming rate in both developing and developed countries. 254 million children aged 5 to 19 are projected to become obese by 2030.1 While obesity is generally related to high calorie intake and low physical activity, genetic factors and hormonal disorders may play a role. It is known that obese children complete their cervical vertebral maturation prematurely when compared to their normal-weight peers.[2,3,4]. Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is a method frequently applied to treat a maxillary transverse deficiency in children and adolescents.[5,6] A variety of expansion devices have been developed but tooth-borne appliances have been mostly used. The disadvantages of tooth-borne expansion appliances involve the buccal tilting of the supporting teeth and a potential increase in gingival recession.
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