Abstract
Retinal shape presents a clinical parameter of interest for myopia, and has commonly been inferred indirectly from peripheral refraction (PRX) profiles. Distortion-corrected optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans offer a new and direct possibility for retinal shape estimation. The current study compared retinal curvatures derived from OCT scans vs. PRX measurements in three refractive profiles (0 and 90 meridians, plus spherical equivalent) for 25 participants via Bland–Altman analysis. The radial differences between both procedures were correlated to axial length using Pearson correlation. In general, PRX- and OCT-based retinal radii showed low correlation (all intraclass correlation coefficients < 0.21). PRX found flatter retinal curvatures compared to OCT, with the highest absolute agreement found with the 90 meridian (mean difference +0.08 mm) and lowest in the 0 meridian (mean difference +0.89 mm). Moreover, a negative relation between axial length and the agreement of both methods was detected especially in the 90 meridian (R = −0.38, p = 0.06). PRX measurements tend to underestimate the retinal radius with increasing myopia when compared to OCT measurements. Therefore, future conclusions from PRX on retinal shape should be made cautiously. Rather, faster and more clinically feasible OCT imaging should be performed for this purpose.
Highlights
Myopia is a spherical refractive error that commonly results from a mismatch between the focal and axial length of the eye
The t-tests exposed a significant difference between the optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based retinal curvature and PRX-based retinal curvature in the 0◦ meridian (p = 0.01)
The PRX-based retinal radius was estimated to be larger compared to the OCT-based radius for all three investigated refractive profiles
Summary
Myopia is a spherical refractive error that commonly results from a mismatch between the focal and axial length of the eye. From longitudinal studies, it has been suggested that relative peripheral hyperopia is a consequence rather than the cause of myopia [12,13,14]. The more relative the peripheral hyperopia exhibited is, the steeper and the more prolate the retina is suggested to be, as in the case of myopia [16,17,18,19]. It has already been stated that conclusions from PRX about retinal shape should be made cautiously, especially with respect to the high variability of off-axis ocular optics [15]. Retinal shape can be estimated using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in a clinically feasible manner. The myopic retina was found to grow in a balloon-like fashion across the horizontal scan field [20], which partly stands in conflict with the previously predicted steepening of the retina as indirectly derived from PRX
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