Abstract
Objectives: To compare quantitative EEG signal and test-retest reliability of medical grade and consumer EEG systems.Methods: Resting state EEG was acquired by two medical grade (B-Alert, Enobio) and two consumer (Muse, Mindwave) EEG systems in five healthy subjects during two study visits. EEG patterns, power spectral densities (PSDs) and test/retest reliability in eyes closed and eyes open conditions were compared across the four systems, focusing on Fp1, the only common electrode. Fp1 PSDs were obtained using Welch's modified periodogram method and averaged for the five subjects for each visit. The test/retest results were calculated as a ratio of Visit 1/Visit 2 Fp1 channel PSD at each 1 s epoch.Results: B-Alert, Enobio, and Mindwave Fp1 power spectra were similar. Muse showed a broadband increase in power spectra and the highest relative variation across test-retest acquisitions. Consumer systems were more prone to artifact due to eye blinks and muscle movement in the frontal region.Conclusions: EEG data can be successfully collected from all four systems tested. Although there was slightly more time required for application, medical systems offer clear advantages in data quality, reliability, and depth of analysis over the consumer systems.Significance: This evaluation provides evidence for informed selection of EEG systemsappropriate for clinical trials.
Highlights
Neurodegenerative disorders represent huge global unmet medical needs and require the development of new disease modifying therapies
A broadband increase in power was observed for power spectral densities (PSDs) acquired with the Muse system
In the eyes closed (EC) condition (Figures 4C,D), B-Alert, Enobio, and Mindwave PSDs were similar increased broadband power was observed for Muse spectra, which appeared to have higher variation than the other systems
Summary
Neurodegenerative disorders represent huge global unmet medical needs and require the development of new disease modifying therapies. Given the insidious nature of these disorders and the high cost of many diagnostic tests, there is a significant need for widely available, reliable, and inexpensive biomarkers to track progression of neurodegenerative processes in time frames suitable for drug development. In this context, EEG may have remarkable potential. EEG is susceptible to known lifestyle factors and medications, it has many considerable advantages. EEG is a non-invasive, portable, safe, and inexpensive technology that is widely accepted and requires relatively short acquisition time.
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