Abstract
In this study, coatings of different oxides (TiO2, Al2O3, ZrO2) and hydroxyapatite (HAp) as well as sandwich composite hydroxyapatite with an oxides sublayer (oxide+HAp) were deposited on Ti6Al7Nb alloy using the sol–gel dip-coating method. The coatings were characterized in terms of morphology (optical microscope), surface topography (AFM), thickness (ellipsometry), and crystal structure (XRD/GIXRD). The mechanical properties of the coatings—hardness, Young’s modulus, and adhesion to the substrate—were examined using nanoindentation and scratch tests. The barrier properties of the coatings against the migration of aluminum ions were examined by measuring their concentration after soaking in Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS) with the use of optical emission spectrometry of inductively coupled plasma (ICPOES). It was found that all the oxide and HAp coatings reduced the permeation of Al ions from the Ti6Al7Nb alloy substrate. The best features revealed an Al2O3 layer that had excellent barrier properties and the best adhesion to the substrate. Al2O3 as a sublayer significantly improved the properties of the sandwich composite HAp coating.
Highlights
In modern medicine, advance is closely related to new drugs and treatment methods and to the development of materials engineered to interact with biological systems
A sol for the hydroxyapatite coating was prepared by mixing of 1 mole solutions of Ca(NO3 )2 ·4H2 O
Asaa aresult resultof thedip-coating dip-coatingdeposition depositionprocess, process,one-component one-componentcoatings coatingsas wellas sandwich composite coatings made of oxides and hydroxyapatite have been obtained
Summary
Advance is closely related to new drugs and treatment methods and to the development of materials engineered to interact with biological systems. Such materials, called biomaterials, are used primarily in restorative medicine, where they replace the tissues of a living organism as the implants [1]. In addition to improving biocompatibility, HAp exhibits high bioactivity and contributes to intensified osseointegration [8,9] Hydroxyapatite owes such properties to its chemical and biological similarity to bones, promoting the creation of new bone tissue [9]. The attractiveness of hydroxyapatite as a bioactive material is limited by its relatively poor adhesion to implant substrates [10], which is closely related to the method of its deposition
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