Comparison of Maximal Gingival Display during Different Facial Expressions and Evaluation of Golden Percentage in a Section of North Indian Population: An AutoCAD Analysis

Abstract

ABSTRACT Aim To compare the amount of maximal gingival display among four different facial expressions and evaluate the golden percentage in a section of North Indian population. Materials and methods Photographs of a total of 100 subjects of North Indian origin with age ranging from 18 to 25 years will be taken and then assessed using AutoCAD© software. Results Neither smile type (requested or Duchenne) revealed a significantly greater amount of gingival display above the maxillary central or lateral incisors, but the grimace of disgust and funnel-shaped expressions did. At the central and lateral incisors, the grimace of disgust and funnel-shaped expressions produced the greatest amounts of gingival display. At the maxillary canines and the first premolars, both smiles (requested and Duchenne) exhibited the largest amount of gingival display of the four facial expressions. Conclusion There exists a difference in gingival display among four different facial expressions over each tooth visible, and the golden percentage was found to be present in more than 99% of the subjects studied. Clinical significance This article considers gingival display as an important factor in rehabilitating esthetic smiles, and proposes the concept of the golden percentage as a more useful application in diagnosing and developing symmetry, dominance, and proportion for esthetically pleasing smiles. How to cite this article Qadri M, Dhawan P, Madhukar P, Tandan P. Comparison of Maximal Gingival Display during Different Facial Expressions and Evaluation of Golden Percentage in a Section of North Indian Population: An AutoCAD Analysis. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2016;6(4):79-84.