Abstract
We previously compared time-domain diffuse optical spectroscopy (TD-DOS) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using various water/lipid phantoms. However, it is difficult to conduct similar comparisons in the breast, because of measurement differences due to modality-dependent differences in posture. Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) examination is performed in the same supine position as a TD-DOS measurement. Therefore, we first verified the accuracy of the measured fat fraction of fibroglandular tissue in the normal breast on DECT by comparing it with MRI in breast cancer patients (n = 28). Then, we compared lipid and water signals obtained in TD-DOS and DECT from normal and tumor-tissue regions (n = 16). The TD-DOS breast measurements were carried out using reflectance geometry with a source–detector separation of 3 cm. A semicircular region of interest (ROI), with a transverse diameter of 3 cm and a depth of 2 cm that included the breast surface, was set on the DECT image. Although the measurement area differed between the modalities, the correlation coefficients of lipid and water signals between TD-DOS and DECT were rs = 0.58 (p < 0.01) and rs = 0.90 (p < 0.01), respectively. These results indicate that TD-DOS captures the characteristics of the lipid and water contents of the breast.
Highlights
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), in the range of 650–1000 nm, is widely used to noninvasively measure the concentration of light absorbing substances such as hemoglobin, water, and lipids in living tissues
A positive correlation was found between the fat fraction measured by Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) and the fat fraction measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the fibroglandular tissue of the normal breast
The fat fractions of fibroglandular tissue in the normal breast measured by DECT and MRI in the first part of the study were comparable (Figure 3)
Summary
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), in the range of 650–1000 nm, is widely used to noninvasively measure the concentration of light absorbing substances such as hemoglobin, water, and lipids in living tissues. NIRS has been used to monitor tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), as hemoglobin, water, and lipid proportions reflect microvasculature, cellular metabolism, angiogenesis, edema, hypoxia, and necrosis [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. These parameters are significantly altered in tumor growth and regression.
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