Comparison of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Adolescent Girl Students and Non-Students Regarding Menstrual Health in Rural Areas of Fars Province, Iran

Context: All over the world, the increased awareness of the importance of early diagnosis of genetic diseases has given them priority in primary health care. However, more recent surveys indicate that genetics content is still lacking in nursing curricula.
 Aim: Evaluate the effect of educational empowerment on student nurses' knowledge, practice, and attitude toward genomic counseling.
 Methods: Quasi-experimental (pre/posttest) design was utilized to collect the data of this study. The study was conducted at the Faculty of Nursing affiliated to Ain Shams University. The subjects were all available adolescent nursing students who enrolled in the pediatric and obstetric course in the third year. The study sample was composed of 340 nursing students. Researchers used a self-administered questionnaire that includes characteristics of subjects and the assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice of students.
 Results: 47.65% of the studied students had poor knowledge at the pre-educational program phase. In comparison, 55.88% had good knowledge at the post educational program, with a highly significant difference at p-value <0.01. There was a highly significant difference between studied students' attitudes toward genetic disease, health history benefits, genetic examination benefits, genomic counseling, follow-up, and decision-making process domains at pre and post-educational program at p-value <0.001. Also, the results reveal that 79.41% of studied students had unsatisfactory practice at the pre-educational program, while 70.59% of them had satisfactory practice at post educational program. There was a highly positive correlation between knowledge, practice, and attitude of studied students about genomic counseling at the pre-educational program.
 Conclusion: Educational empowerment positively affected adolescent nursing students' knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding genomic counseling. The study recommended continuous training for adolescent nursing students about genetic counseling to prepare them for their future roles. Future studies are needed to examine the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice of adolescent nursing students regarding genomic counseling.

Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) is the management of hygiene and health when women experience menstruation. The main problem in adolescents related to menstruation is the lack of knowledge about MSM and poor water sanitation. Many girls don't have the right understanding that menstruation is a normal biological process. Community service aims to improve students' knowledge and attitudes about menstrual health management. The method used is socializing; identify the state of menstrual health service facilities in schools: bathrooms, water, information; carry out bathroom renovations; provide educational media about menstrual health management in the form of posters, videos, leaflets, modules and flip sheets. Pre-test and post-test aims to identify students' knowledge and attitudes about menstrual health management. Analysis of the data used is the dependent t test. The knowledge of students before being given health education majority was in the sufficient category and thereafter increased to good. Likewise, students' attitudes increase to be positive. The statistical test results obtained mean difference of 7.72 and P Value = 0.001, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of health education on knowledge. For attitudes the mean difference is 1.62 and the P value = 0.001, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence on health education on student attitudes. Therefore it is suggested to the school to include this topic in the subject matter. So students can apply it early and their reproductive health can be maintained.

Objective: Students are considered as the best source to mitigate the need for blood experienced especially among nations on a low resource. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practices of students in relation to blood donation in a developing country. Methods: This study utilized a systematic review of the literature to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of students on blood donation. Using the keywords on eight research databases, the search was able to run 53 hits. Full texts, peer-reviewed, quantitative research design, in English language and published within the year 2013-2018 were the inclusion criteria observed in the review. Appraisal on methodological quality of literature was done on the gathered studies. There are five (5) studies that were considered appropriate for review. Results: Findings revealed that all literature were conducted from developing countries. Students are knowledgeable and has a good attitude towards blood donation, however, there is a low turnout on the actual practice and volunteerism in donating blood. More specifically, students inclined to health have better knowledge and attitude compared students in non-health related course. Female students are found to have low intention to donate. Interventional strategies that are suggested by the literature are mass media and enhancing donor efficiency. Conclusion: Evaluating the results of the previously conducted studies revealed the high knowledge and attitude of students in developing countries relative to blood donation. There is a need to intensify education and advocacy campaigns to translate knowledge and attitude into practice.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of health science students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences about the outbreak of water and foodborne diseases in 2017. Methods: In this descriptive and analytic study, 335 students from school of Health and school of Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) were randomly assigned to the study. Data collecting tool was a researcher-made questionnaire containing 61 questions. The data were analyzed using SPSS 18 software. Results: The mean and standard deviation of knowledge, attitude and practice of students were (66.15 p 61.15), (66.63 p 14.68) p 66.33 and (p21.55) p65.96, respectively. Only 13.7, 6.6 and 24.5 of students had a good knowledge, attitude and good performance regarding the subject. Mean score of knowledge, attitude and practice among students of the School of Health was more than the students of HSE. The results showed a significant relationship between knowledge and attitude (p <0.001) and also attitude and practice (p<0.001). There is a significant relationship between the level of education, faculty, place of study, marital status, field of study and age with knowledge, attitude and practice (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to the average level of knowledge, attitude and practice of students, it seems necessary to plan for an effective intervention in order to improve the level of education of students who are studying in the field of health and will be the trustee of public health as people who guide other sectors of society.

Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) is the management of hygiene and health when women experience menstruation. The main problem in adolescents related to menstruation is the lack of knowledge about MSM and poor water sanitation. Many girls don't have the right understanding that menstruation is a normal biological process. Community service aims to improve students' knowledge and attitudes about menstrual health management. The method used is socializing; identify the state of menstrual health service facilities in schools: bathrooms, water, information; carry out bathroom renovations; provide educational media about menstrual health management in the form of posters, videos, leaflets, modules and flip sheets. Pre-test and post-test aims to identify students' knowledge and attitudes about menstrual health management. Analysis of the data used is the dependent t test. The knowledge of students before being given health education majority was in the sufficient category and thereafter increased to good. Likewise, students' attitudes increase to be positive. The statistical test results obtained mean difference of 7.72 and P Value = 0.001, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of health education on knowledge. For attitudes the mean difference is 1.62 and the P value = 0.001, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence on health education on student attitudes. Therefore it is suggested to the school to include this topic in the subject matter. So students can apply it early and their reproductive health can be maintained.

Varieties of social artifacts affect attitudes of adolescent girls towards abortion and abortion services in Nepal. Prevalence of Hindu religious beliefs and traditional socio-cultural norms and values in the existing Nepalese societies, people feel much uncomfortable in the performance of abortion among adolescents. This study explores the attitude of adolescent girl students in our community schools regarding the aforementioned services. The study mainly bases on primary data gained from 250 adolescent girl students of our community schools. It also shows the picture regarding attitude towards abortion and its services of the adolescent's girl students. For such a multi-cultural and religious nation, the traditional values, norms and beliefs have been affecting to perform the services. The result exhibits that almost 61 percent of the respondents trust the existing socio-cultural norms and values that affect the attitude towards abortion and its services, while 57 percent of them believe religious norms and beliefs affect the services. In the same way, only 43 percent of the respondents show confidence in prevailing abortion facilities. This shows that majority of the respondents do not believe on the existing abortion services. A large number of the participants respond that post abortion care is necessary after performing abortion. However, about 74 percent of the respondents believe unnecessary pregnancies should be terminated adopting safety measures rather than letting them to give birth. Resultantly, this study leads us, due to the effects of modernization, globalization and mechanization; adolescent girls in Nepal are in the growing tendency to take abortion performances positively. For this, various activities like awareness campaign, curricula, training and seminar, and media campaign to the marginalized and underprivileged sections work for the decrease of abortion ignorance.

The Shahid Babaie Airbase is one of the most endemic areas of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Isfahan. Community training on CL prevention could have a critical role in controlling CL in endemic areas. Because of the high incidence of disease among youth, this survey was designed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and prevention practices (KAP) of students regarding CL in this endemic area. This study consisted of a questionnaire that was filled out while interviewing students attending middle and high school on the Shahid Babaie Airbase of Isfahan. The questionnaire contained questions about KAP of students regarding CL. The total scores in each field were categorized as weak, intermediate, or strong. Four hundred fifty students participated in this study, which included 245 high-school students and 205 middle-school students. The total knowledge score of the students was 17.47 (range, 0-30), which indicates an intermediate level of CL knowledge in this population. The students' attitude toward CL was intermediate, with a score of 37 and a range of 13-52. Additionally, practice of prevention was weak (score of 1.8; range, 0-6). There was a significant correlation between gender and both the attitude and knowledge of the students; both scores were higher in female students. Specific knowledge about CL symptoms, carriers, and reservoirs was higher than knowledge about preventative methods. The study revealed that 47.2% of students believed in fortune as a factor involved in acquisition of CL infection. Although 97.9% of students were aware that sandflies carry CL, only 28.6% were able to identify a sandfly. The results of this study further emphasize the importance and necessity of educating this at-risk population by planning direct, in-person training, which is an essential step in improving attitudes and preventative practices toward CL and in controlling CL in endemic areas.

Background:Knowledge about epilepsy and its management is not satisfactory among school students in developing countries. The present study was planned to ascertain the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of students regarding first-aid management of epilepsy seizures in school setting.Materials and Methods:A total of 177 students of government schools of Chandigarh, a city of northern India, were taken. They were administered with a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire (for knowledge and attitude assessment) and an observational checklist after role play (for practice assessment) on first-aid management of epilepsy. A scoring system was devised to quantify the knowledge and practices of students.Results:Seventy-one percent of them had either heard or read about epilepsy. Half of the students believed epilepsy as a hindrance to education. Ayurvedic treatment was preferred by more than half of the students; however, many believed that visit to religious places and exorcism as ways to cure epilepsy. Nearly 74% of students would call a doctor as first-aid measure for seizure in a person with epilepsy.Conclusion:We concluded that the knowledge about various aspects of epilepsy was average among school students in Chandigarh. However, there was no significant difference in knowledge, attitude and practice between students who lived in urban, urban slum and rural areas. It is recommended that first-aid management of seizures in epilepsy should be a part of school curriculum.

Introduction: Adolescence is a transition in a person’s life that changes from childhood to adulthood. Lack of knowledge of adolescent female students about the physical changes will cause anxiety, fear, shame, different feelings, and confusion. In this case, knowledge is the main component in shaping adolescent attitudes, inadequate knowledge will make adolescents tend to take the wrong attitude. Objective: The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between the knowledge and attitude of adolescent female students to physical changes during puberty. The research design was a cross-sectional study. Method: The study population was 104 and a sample of 51 adolescent female students was taken using the proportional stratified random sampling technique. Result and Discussion: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the knowledge of adolescent female students (p-value = 0.012), and attitudes of adolescent female students (p-value = 0.000) to physical changes during puberty. Conclusion: It was concluded that there was a significant relationship between the knowledge and attitudes of adolescent female students to physical changes during puberty.

BackgroundYellow fever (YF) is endemic in South Omo area of Ethiopia. Although Jinka University (JKU) is located in South Omo Zone, there is no information regarding the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of students toward YF. The current study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice of JKU students toward YF and factors associated with the overall knowledge and attitude about the disease.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from randomly selected regular program JNU students. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate associations of socio-demographic factors with overall knowledge and attitude scores.ResultsA total of 322 students (61.2% males, mean age of 20.7 years) participated in this study. Of these, 94.1% joined the University from places other than South Omo area and 86.0% (277/322) ever heard about YF. 9.6% were found to have a high level of overall knowledge about YF. High overall knowledge of YF was associated with being born and grown up in South Omo area (AOR=3.91; 95% CI: 1.28, 11.98) and being a student of a social science discipline (AOR=3.52; 95% CI: 1.22, 10.13). 48.8% of the participants had favorable overall attitude toward YF. Being a second-year student (AOR=1.96; 95% CI: 1.14–3.37), being born and grown up in South Omo area (AOR=5.13; 95% CI: 1.32–19.98), and having high overall knowledge of YF (AOR=13.24; 95% CI: 3.69, 47.44) were associated with favorable overall attitude toward YF. On the other hand, only 5.8% of the participants reported that they were vaccinated for YF.ConclusionThe low level of knowledge and low vaccination coverage of JKU students to YF, especially among those students from other parts of the country, calls for urgent awareness creation during admission and making vaccination available.

Context: Tobacco products' consumption among students seems to have increased, which threatens their health as a cultural and social harm. Aims: The present study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of students in Qom University of Medical Sciences about tobacco. Setting and Design: A cross-sectional study was performed in Qom University of Medical Sciences, Iran, from December 2017 to January 2018. Material and Methods: Subjects accommodates 499 individuals who were selected through the simple random sampling. Data were collected using demographic and Global Youth Tobacco Survey (knowledge, attitude, and practice on tobacco) questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive statistics, mean, and standard deviation were used to describe the status of the individuals. Pearson correlation coefficient and independent t-test, Chi-square, and ANOVA were used to analyze the relationships in SPSS-20 software. Results: The mean age of the samples was 21.32 ± 3.89 years. Men were 272 (54.4%), 438 (87.6) were single, and the rest were married. Average student knowledge was 6.65 (2.22), and their positive attitude was 40.16 (11.02). About practice, 76.9%, 93.5%, and 76% of people never used smoke, pipe, and hookah, respectively. T-test showed that there is a significant relationship between positive attitude and gender (P Conclusion: Female students' knowledge was slightly higher than male; however, the positive attitude of male students was more than the female students about tobacco. It is necessary that the authorities and counseling centers of the university found underlying causes and work hard to solve the students' problems.

The impact of educational experiences on nursing students' knowledge and attitudes toward people with Alzheimer's disease: A mixed method study

The aim of this study is to analyse the changes in nutrition knowledge and attitudes of secondary school students depending on certain socio-demographic factors. The universe of the study is composed of 521 students, including 142 female and 379 male students studying in the secondary school and the sampling group in Konya province private and state central secondary education schools. The "Nutrition Knowledge and Attitude Scale", developed by Ertürk (2010), was used for nutrition attitude and knowledge and personal information form to acquire socio-demographic information. Descriptive statistics of the data were made, variance and homogeneity were tested, independent sample t test was used for binary comparisons, One Way Anowa was utilized for multiple comparisons, and Tukey test was benefitted to determine difference sources. Nutrition knowledge of students in state schools was found to be lower than that of students in private schools and this gap was identified to be statistically significant (P &lt;0.05). Nutritional knowledge and attitudes of female students were determined to be higher than males’ and this difference was found to be statistically significant (P &lt;0.05). Nutritional knowledge and attitudes of students who received elective nutrition classes were found to be higher than those who did not have nutrition classes and this change was again found to be statistically significant (P &lt;0.05). The number of siblings and education status of parents were found to be statistically significant variants (P &lt;0.05). As a result, the high level of nutrition knowledge and attitudes of female students compared to male students, the status and role of cultural transfer and social structure featured on male and female can be seen as the reason for that matter. It can be said that taking a nutrition class has a positive influence on nutrition knowledge and attitude, and that private school students have more nutrition knowledge yet similar nutrition attitudes with those in state schools.

Mapping the Expertise and Understanding of Menarche, Menstrual Hygiene, and Menstrual Health among Adolescent Ladies in Low- and Center-Profit Nations

Background and AimLack of knowledge on COVID-19 among people and healthcare staff significantly impacts late management and its rapid transmission. Dental students must be aware of the exact preventive instructions due to their close contact with patients and clinical work in the dental setting during the pandemic. This interventional study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of designed educational content regarding COVID-19 on Iranian dental students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices at Alborz University of medical sciences.Materials and methodsA total of 88 dental students were investigated in this study. Educational content was designed based on the clinical guidelines regarding COVID-19 in dentistry. The content was presented to dental students as a three-hour webinar. In addition, the online, validated questionnaire was obtained from the students as pre, post, and follow-up surveys.ResultsA statistically significant difference between students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices were obtained before and after the intervention and the follow-up survey. 48.58% improvement in knowledge score, 6.37% in attitudes, and 17% in practice scores were observed.ConclusionAlthough this educational intervention significantly improved the knowledge, attitude, and practice of dental students, additional education and clinical training are mandatory for effective and safe dental practice management in future crises.