Comparison of knee injury of basketball players with different pro—hop modes in kinematic perspective: time period, factor and intervention

Abstract

Rapid movement techniques in basketball are prone to acute and chronic injuries to the cruciate ligament and internal knee joint movements. This study analyses the biomechanical changes of the non-axial foot after different pro-hop braking from kinematic and kinetic perspectives, in order to provide input to the teaching, intervention and competitive training of basketball pro-hop in basketball. Kistler force measurement, Vicon Motion 3D motion capture and Biovision EMG were used to describe the kinematic and kinetic parameters such as the angle of the knee joint, joint moment, angle at maximum moment and the co-contraction ratio of the rectus femoris and biceps femoris muscles during the landing phase of the non-axial foot after pro-hop and braking in three different pro-hop patterns of female basketball players. The study found that,(1) The pro-hop followed by the non-axial foot initiation technique in basketball movement is prone to knee cruciate ligament injuries, mostly occurring in the first 20% of the landing phase. (2) The angle of the knee joint during the non-axial foot landing phase, the joint moment, the angle at maximum moment, and the co-contraction ratio of the rectus femoris to the biceps femoris muscle govern the risk of non-axial foot initiation injury at the end of the pro-hop. (3) The mechanical load on the knee joint during the non-axial foot landing phase of the one foot pro-hop. (4) The co-contraction ratios of the rectus femoris and biceps femoris were significantly different between the in situ, one foot and double-leg pro-hop. Conclusions, (1) The first 20% of the non-axial foot activation phase after one foot pro-hop is more likely to lead to cruciate ligament and other knee injuries, significantly different from the in-situ and double-leg pro-hop patterns. (2) The lower co-contraction ratio of the rectus femoris and biceps femoris provides protection, support and activation of many peripheral knee muscle groups, partially reducing energy expenditure and improving the quality of movement completion. (3) The training load, injury severity, and The weight and angle of the non-axial foot in different modes of pro-hop and braking can be adjusted to allow for active rest and dynamic compensation of the knee joint under load and movement.