Comparison of key transform domain watermarking methods based on performance measures

Abstract

Robust digital image watermarking (DIW) scheme is need of the prevailing digital technology. In this paper, the implementation details and methodologies of major transform domain algorithms like Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) are compared based on peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and normalized correlation(NC). The impact of different attacks on these methods is evaluated. Experimental results shows that DWT is more resilient to all attacks in terms of NC values. However, the SVD shows superiority in terms of PSNR in all adverse condition except the geometrical attacks. DCT gives high quality watermarked image with geometrical attacks but with poor quality of extracted watermark. Efficacy of the DIW system can be improved by taking different combination of these algorithms and their variants.