Abstract
In Australia, the fungus Colletotrichum orbiculare (Berk. and Mont.) v. Arx is a naturally occurring pathogen of the weed Xanthium spinosum L., Bathurst burr, a native of Argentina, and, for many years, a serious weed of eastern Australia. Attempts to develop the fungus as a bioherbicide have been hampered by its requirement for an extended period of dew or free water for satisfactory control of X. spinosum. Collections of C. orbiculare from a range of environments in Argentina were made in the hope of finding an isolate with shorter dew period requirements. None of several isolates of C. orbiculare from Argentina tested were superior to an Australian isolate in controlling X. spinosum over a range of dew periods: 0, 4, 8, 24 h. In addition, none of the Argentinian isolates were superior to the Australian isolate in terms of vegetative growth rate and conidia production in vitro. Development of a formulation of the Australian isolate of C. orbiculare which has a reduced dew requirement remains as the most likely means of utilizing this fungus as a biocontrol agent for X. spinosum.
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