Abstract
In nursery production, knowledge of water quality and quantity is needed to improve irrigation and fertilizer application efficiency as it relates to potential for soil and groundwater contamination. Water and fertilizer use and loss as well as tree growth were investigated for Red Sunset maple (Acer rubrum 'Franksred') trees in a pot-in-pot system with two different potting media and one coal ash based medium. The coal ash based medium (Mix #1) was mainly composed of biosolids, flue gas desulfurization gypsum, and coal combustion bottom ash. The two potting media mainly composed of aged pine bark and steamed composted nursery trimmings as well as left-over potting medium from commercial nurseries, but one with low initial amendments (Mix #2) and the other one with high initial amendments (Mix #3). Trickle irrigation was applied to each tree with an automatic control system. Watering trees started when the medium moisture was below 30%, and stopped when the moisture was 42%. During two-year tests, the amount of water including irrigation and rainfall applied to each tree with Mix #1, #2 and #3 was 741, 910 and 950 L, respectively. The amount of water loss through drainage for each tree with Mix #1, #2 and #3 was 107, 147 and 112 L, respectively. Among the tree media, Medium #3 produced the highest tree growth rate, followed by the Mix #2. The coal ash based medium had great potentials to be used for nursery production.
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