Comparison of indentation behavior induced by CCS, SCS and TCS indenters

Abstract

To compare the indentation behaviors and the rock fracture mechanism induced by different types of indenters, the indentation experiments and simulations of the CCS, SCS, and TCS indenters are performed. Then, the indentation force, rock fracture state, rock chip, and the specific energy, etc. caused by three indenters are analyzed. The research results indicate that the SCS and TCS indenters with teeth can penetrate rock with a concentrated stress, and reduce the indentation force and specific energy significantly compared with the CCS indenter. The indentation behavior of the three indenters is significantly influenced by the indentation spacing. With the rise of the indentation spacing, the indentation difficulty presents a trend of first increasing and then stabilizing for three indenters, but the specific energy exhibits a pattern that first goes down, then up, and finally stabilizing. There is an optimal indentation spacing for the CCS, SCS, and TCS indenters to reaches the lowest specific energy, which is approximately 30, 30 and 20 mm, respectively. Additionally, compared with tapered teeth on the TCS indenter, spherical teeth on the SCS indenter can crush rock with a more synergistic action. The researches can be used as a guide for the design of excavation tools for crushing rock.