Abstract
Inhibition of digestive lipases refers to the suppression of dietary fat absorption and, to some extent, to a strategy against overweight and obesity. In this study, the effect of five commercial black chokeberry juices on pancreatic lipase as a key enzyme relevant to obesity was investigated using as substrates triolein, sunflower oil, and rapeseed oil emulsions as well as 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate. The juices were also analyzed for antioxidant capacity (ABTS·+, DPPH·, FRAP methods), qualitative and quantitative composition of phenolic compounds and nutrients. Significant differences were observed among their chemical compositions and biological activities. Chokeberry juices were rich in proanthocyanidins, followed by the hydroxycinnamic acids, anthocyanins, and flavonols. Their inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase was related to polyphenol content, that of proanthocyanidins. The results reported herein have shown the influence of proanthocyanidin degree of polymerization on the inhibitory activity, especially in lipid emulsions. In conclusion, this work suggests that chokeberry juice may be a potential source of dietary fat absorption inhibitors, especially if it contains high molecular phenolic compounds.
Highlights
Black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) fruit is known as a potent source of phenolic compounds, especially anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins [1,2,3,4]
The present study provides the first evidence that black chokeberry juices exhibited pancreatic lipase inhibition in vitro, which depends on the test method used
Our results suggested that the proanthocyanidins degree of polymerization was a very important factor responsible for the high inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase
Summary
Black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) fruit is known as a potent source of phenolic compounds, especially anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins [1,2,3,4]. Results of in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that chokeberry juice has cardioprotective [7, 8], hepatoprotective [9], and anti-diabetic effects [1] as well as anticancer activity [10]. Recent human studies showed that Aronia melanocarpa juice may be useful in the treatment of obesity disorders [11]. Pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of black chokeberry extracts has been shown in in vitro studies using simple, different p-nitrophenyl esters or 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate as substrates [12, 13]. The cited studies have shown anti-lipase activity dependence on the method of lipase activity determination [12] and on type of extraction agent [13]
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