Abstract
Typhoon-related heavy rain has unique structures in both time and space, and use of satellite-retrieved products to delineate the structure of heavy rain is especially meaningful for early warning systems and disaster management. This study compares two newly-released satellite products from the Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG final run) and the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA 3B42V7) with daily rainfall observed by ground rain gauges. The comparison is implemented for eight typhoons over the coastal region of China for a two-year period from 2014 to 2015. The results show that all correlation coefficients (CCs) of both IMERG and TMPA for the investigated typhoon events are significant at the 0.01 level, but they tend to underestimate the heavy rainfall, especially around the storm center. The IMERG final run exhibits an overall better performance than TMPA 3B42V7. It is also shown that both products have a better applicability (i.e., a smaller absolute relative bias) when rain intensities are within 20–40 and 80–100 mm/day than those of 40–80 mm/day and larger than 100 mm/day. In space, they generally have the best applicability within the range of 50–100 km away from typhoon tracks, and have the worst applicability beyond the 300-km range. The results are beneficial to understand the errors of satellite data in operational applications, such as storm monitoring and hydrological modeling.
Highlights
Heavy rain events have profound impacts on human society, hydrological processes, and natural ecosystems [1,2]
Typhoon-related heavy rain has unique patterns in both time and space, e.g., it can last from one day to several days, and is dominated by typhoon track, translation speed, atmospheric environment, etc
relative bias (RB) is used to evaluate the errors in a gauge-grid pair while mean error (ME), mean absolute error (MAE), and root-mean-squared error (RMSE) are for regional-scale evaluations [40]
Summary
Heavy rain events have profound impacts on human society, hydrological processes, and natural ecosystems [1,2]. They can adjust river regimes, flood peak, and waterlogging patterns rapidly, and even cause significant losses in human life and social economy [3,4,5]. A typhoon is a type of cyclone formed in the tropical ocean and often brings heavy rainfall to coastal territory. Typhoon-related heavy rain has unique patterns in both time and space, e.g., it can last from one day to several days, and is dominated by typhoon track, translation speed, atmospheric environment, etc. Reliable measurements of the heavy rainfall provide essential information to monitor and forecast its changing patterns, which are crucial for early warning systems and disaster management strategies [6,7,8,9].
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