Comparison of ideal mask-based speech enhancement algorithms for speech mixed with white noise at low mixture signal-to-noise ratios

Abstract

The literature shows that the intelligibility of noisy speech can be improved by applying an ideal binary or soft gain mask in the time-frequency domain for signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) between -10 and +10 dB. In this study, two mask-based algorithms are compared when applied to speech mixed with white Gaussian noise (WGN) at lower SNRs, that is, SNRs from -29 to -5 dB. These comprise an Ideal Binary Mask (IBM) with a Local Criterion (LC) set to 0 dB and an Ideal Ratio Mask (IRM). The performance of three intrusive Short-Time Objective Intelligibility (STOI) variants-STOI, STOI+, and Extended Short-Time Objective Intelligibility (ESTOI)-is compared with that of other monaural intelligibility metrics that can be used before and after mask-based processing. The results show that IRMs can be used to obtain near maximal speech intelligibility (>90% for sentence material) even at very low mixture SNRs, while IBMs with LC = 0 provide limited intelligibility gains for SNR < -14 dB. It is also shown that, unlike STOI, STOI+ and ESTOI are suitable metrics for speech mixed with WGN at low SNRs and processed by IBMs with LC = 0 even when speech is high-pass filtered to flatten the spectral tilt before masking.