Abstract
Methods: Fifty-four normozoospermic males were recruited in this prospective comparative study. Sperm samples were divid- ed into two aliquots and then cryopreserved either by slow (using programmable freezer) or rapid freezing (direct plunging cryotubes into liquid nitrogen). Sperm quality was assessed by World Health Organization criteria and nuclear DNA integrity was measured by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick-end la- beling (TUNEL) assay before and after cryopreservation. Results: In slow freezing group, sperm motility was significantly higher (37.4±14.7% vs. 34.6±14.3%, P<0.05) and sperm nu- clear DNA fragmentation was significantly lower (15.5±9.8% vs. 16.8±10.3%, P<0.05) when compared with rapid freezing group. Especially in asthenozoospermic samples, motility-conserving effect was striking by slow freezing method. Conclusion: Slow freezing method is preferred for cryopreservation of human sperm in normozoospermic men, especially with low motility.
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