Abstract
Our aims were to characterize human mesenchymal stem cells isolated from various tissues by pluripotent stem cells gene expression profile. Four strains of dental pulp stem cells (DP-MSCs) were isolated from dental pulp tissue fragments adhered to plastic tissue culture dishes. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from umbilical cord tissue (UBC-MSCs) were isolated with the same technique. Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were isolated from nucleated cells of bone marrow obtained by density gradient centrifugation. Human mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue (AT-MSCs) were isolated by collagenase digestion. All kinds of MSCs used in this study were cultivated in low glucose DMEM containing 5% or human platelet extract. All stem cell manipulation was performed in GMP conditions. Expression of 15 pluripotent stem cells genes on the level of proteins was measured by Proteome Profiler Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Array. Induction of MSCs to in vitro differentiation to adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondroblasts was achieved by cultivation of cells in appropriate differentiation medium. All MSCs tested were phenotypically similar and of fibroblastoid morphology. DP-MSCs and UBC-MSCs were more proliferative than bone marrow BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs. Protein expression of 15 genes typical for pluripotent stem cells distinguished them into two groups. While the gene expression profiles of BM-MSC, AT-MSCs and UBC-MSCs were similar, DP-MSCS differed in relative gene expression on the level of their products in several genes. Dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells cultivated in vitro under the same conditions as MSCs from bone marrow, adipose tissue and umbilical cord tissue can be distinguished by pluripotent stem cell gene expression profile.
Highlights
Adult stem cells are present in a variety of tissues in the human body
Tissue cultures of Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)) derived from early passage of ten bone marrow donors, four AT-MSCs, four umbilical tissue derived MSCs and four MSCs prepared from dental pulp tissue were examined for relative expression of 15 genes by Proteome Profiler Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Array
In dental pulp stromal/stem cells (DP-MSCs) higher relative expression was found for the following genes: E-cadherin, Goosecold (GSC), PDX-1/IPF1 and, Sox[2] (P=0.013) in comparison with expressions in BM-MSCs
Summary
Adult stem cells are present in a variety of tissues in the human body. The most studied adult stem cell population is the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs possess multi-lineage differentiation potential; they produce a variety of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors that mostly in paracrine fashion are involved in the regeneration of used and damaged tissues. Multipotent mesenchymal progenitor cells known as dental pulp stromal/stem cells (DP-MSCs), with high proliferative potential for selfrenewal are intensively studied because of their neural characteristics[1,2]. DP-MSCs can play a potential role in peripheral neural regeneration[3]. It was shown that DP-MSC are a promising source for cell-based therapy for immune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus[5]
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