Comparison of HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 Loci Polymorphism between Kidney Transplants of Uremia Patients and Healthy Individuals in Central China.

Wenjun Shang,Shilin Gao,Zhigang Wang,Yuefeng Shen,Xiaobai Zhang,Guiwen Feng,Yonghua Feng,Fengfeng Zhou

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0165426

Wenjun Shang, Shilin Gao + Show 6 more

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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165426

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Abstract

Chronic kidney disease is becoming a global public health problem, which will usually cause uremia at the end stage of chronic kidney failure. So far, kidney transplant is the most effective and proper therapy for uremia, however, the short supply of matched donor kidney has been a persistent bottleneck for transplantation. HLA matching of HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 loci is very important for the allocation of kidney transplants. In this study, we investigated genotypes of HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 loci based on 1,464 uremia patients and 10,000 unrelated healthy individuals in Henan province of China, and compared the frequency distribution of these HLA alleles and corresponding haplotypes between patient and healthy groups. We detected 23 HLA-A, 49 HLA-B and 17 HLA-DRB1 alleles in total. The predominant alleles of HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 loci in patients are the same as those in healthy group. The seven most frequent alleles account for about 87%, 50%, and 77% at HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 loci, respectively. The haplotypes (combinations of HLA-A, -B, and -DRB1) with significantly different frequency between patients and controls mostly account for less than 1%. Overall, this suggests that HLA matching is not a potential difficulty for kidney transplant of uremia patients. However, three of the top seven frequent HLA-DRB1 alleles have a significantly different distribution in patients and controls, while only one alleles for HLA-B and zero for HLA-A loci. These HLA-DRB1 alleles may be closely associated with uremia. This study sheds new lights on the composition and difference of HLA genotypes in uremia patients and healthy populations in Central China that can serve as a guide to HLA matching for kidney transplants and a resource for HLA typing-related studies.

Highlights

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is becoming a global public health problem [1]
We investigated the genetic polymorphisms at Human leukocyte antigens (HLA)-A, -B and -DRB1 loci in uremia patients in Henan province of China, and compared them with those in unrelated healthy individuals
The top frequent alleles of HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 loci were common in uremia patients and healthy individuals

Summary

Introduction

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is becoming a global public health problem [1]. In China, the overall prevalence of CKD was estimated to be about 10.8% [2]. People with CKD were identified as being at high risk for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality [3], and CKD was considered as one of the most preventable risk factors with high mortality globally [4]. The end stage of chronic kidney failure is uremia, which will cause a series of clinical manifestations and affect most the body systems [5, 6]. Uremia due to renal failure will progress and eventually cause death. Kidney transplant is the most effective and proper therapy for uremia, though it is greatly limited to the extreme scarcity of matched kidney source

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