Abstract
ABSTRACTThe objective of this experiment was to evaluate the growth performance, chemical composition, and functional amino acids (FAA) composition of two crossing systems between wild boars and different domesticated pig breeds. Forty castrated male pigs at 60 days of age from 3 breeds including Wild boar (W), Bamei (B) and Yorkshire (Y) and their crossing systems Wild boar × Bamei (W × B) and Wild boar × Yorkshire (W × Y) were assigned into five groups, respectively. After 100 days of feeding, the growth performance, chemical composition and amino acids (AA) in longissimus muscle were analysed. The ADG (P < .01) in W was lower than other breeds (B and Y) and their crossing systems (W × B and W × Y) (P < .01). The content of intramuscular fat (IMF) was decreased (P < .01) in W when compared with other breeds (B and Y) and their crossing systems (W × B and W × Y) (P < .01). In terms of the levels of FAA, leucine in W was lower than those of the other breeds (B and Y) or their crossing systems (W × B and W × Y) (P < .01), whereas the levels of proline, cysteine, glutamate, total FAA, total AA, and total FAA/total AA was the highest in the Wild boar (P < .01). Herein, cross breeding with domesticated pigs was shown to be an effective method to improve the growth performance of wild boars, and the extent of improvement was breed dependent. Compared with domesticated pigs and cross-bred pigs, wild boars showed lower growth rate, but lower IMF and better FAA composition in longissimus muscle.
Highlights
The indigenous pig breeds in China are famous for their excellent meat quality and reproduction performance (Lee et al 2012), the exploitation and development of indigenous pig breeds, especially in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, is just beginning in China
The average daily gain (ADG) of W pigs was lower than B and Y pigs (P < .01)
The ADG was increased in cross combinations (W × B and W × Y pigs) when compared with W pigs (P < .01)
Summary
The indigenous pig breeds in China are famous for their excellent meat quality and reproduction performance (Lee et al 2012), the exploitation and development of indigenous pig breeds, especially in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, is just beginning in China. Since wild boar evolve a series of excellent physiological characteristics, such as strong libs, narrow body, powerful lung and cardiac, disease resistance ability and good meat quality, there is a growing interest in improving the production of wild boar, such as poor reproduction performance, low feed conversion rate and intramuscular fat (IMF) (Marsico et al 2010). There is only limited evidence considering the improvement of growth performance and meat quality in wild boars. Based on the results of previous published studies, the hybrids between Chinese indigenous pigs and wild boars significantly increased its percent lean, meat quality, and nutritional value. The hybrids between Western pigs and wild boars showed the hybrid vigour in growth performance (Marsico et al 2010)
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