Abstract
The article presents the results of an experimental study of the external magnetic field orientation and magnitude influence on the rubidium atomic clock, simulating the influence of the geomagnetic field on the onboard rubidium atomic clock of navigation satellites. The tensor component value of the atomic clock frequency light shift on the rubidium cell was obtained, and this value was ~2 Hz. The comparability of the relative light shift (~10−9) and the regular gravitational correction (4×10−10) to the frequency of the rubidium atomic clock was shown. The experimental results to determine the orientational shift influence on the rubidium atomic clock frequency were presented. A significant effect on the relative frequency instability of a rubidium atomic clock at a level of 10−12(10−13) for rotating external magnetic field amplitudes of 1.5 A/m and 3 A/m was demonstrated. This magnitude corresponds to the geomagnetic field in the orbit of navigation satellites. The necessity of taking into account various factors (satellite orbit parameters and atomic clock characteristics) is substantiated for correct comparison of corrections to the rubidium onboard atomic clock frequency associated with the Earth’s gravitational field action and the satellite orientation in the geomagnetic field.
Highlights
The general theory of relativity (GTR) has found its confirmation in numerous experiments, where a high-precision atomic clock plays a central role, in which the relative error does not exceed 10−14
As in the experiments shown with a laboratory rubidium atomic clock, the orientational frequency shift value does not depend on the strength of the external magnetic field but is determined by the pumping rate and the atomic clock orientation in the geomagnetic field [7]
A correct comparison of the influence of gravitational and geomagnetic fields on the atomic clock accuracy requires the elimination of third-party factors associated, for example, with solar activity
Summary
The general theory of relativity (GTR) has found its confirmation in numerous experiments, where a high-precision atomic clock plays a central role, in which the relative error does not exceed 10−14. In practice, the parameter h does not remain constant, as the orbits of satellites of various navigation systems, as a rule, have the shape of an ellipse (with an eccentricity ε from 0.001 to 0.1), which inevitably leads to change the onboard atomic clock time scale and, leads to the corresponding measurement error. The dependence of this time variation is easy to obtain from (1) knowing the satellite altitude at perigee h P and apogee h A of the elliptical orbit:. The above errors are compared on the basis of experiments that simulate the movement of navigation satellites onboard equipment
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