Abstract
Simple SummarySpot-fin porcupine fish (Diodon hystrix) has been recognized as a new and emerging aquaculture species with promising economic value in south China. However, due to the lack of understanding of reproductive regulation, the management of breeding and reproduction under captivity remains a major technological barrier for the development of large-scale aquaculture of D. hystrix. In this study, the first gonad transcriptomes of D. hystrix were analyzed using Illumina HiSeq sequencing. Comparison of ovary and testis transcriptomes identified a set of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) supposed to be associated with gonadal development and gametogenesis. The conserved expression profiles of the well-known reproduction-related genes implies their similar roles in gonad differentiation and development in D. hystrix. The detailed transcriptome data can improve our understanding of the regulatory functions of sex-related genes in D. hystrix.Diodon hystrix is a new and emerging aquaculture species in south China. However, due to the lack of understanding of reproductive regulation, the management of breeding and reproduction under captivity remains a barrier for the commercial aquaculture of D. hystrix. More genetic information is needed to identify genes critical for gonadal development. Here, the first gonadal transcriptomes of D. hystrix were analyzed and 151.89 million clean reads were generated. All reads were assembled into 57,077 unigenes, and 24,574 could be annotated. By comparing the gonad transcriptomes, 11,487 differentially expressed genes were obtained, of which 4599 were upregulated and 6888 were downregulated in the ovaries. Using enrichment analyses, many functional pathways were found to be associated with reproduction regulation. A set of sex-biased genes putatively involved in gonad development and gametogenesis were identified and their sexually dimorphic expression patterns were characterized. The detailed transcriptomic data provide a useful resource for further research on D. hystrix reproductive manipulation.
Highlights
Spot-fin porcupine fish (Diodon hystrix) belonging to the family Diodontidae (Teleostei, Tetraodontiformes) is mainly distributed in the lagoons and coral reefs of tropical seawater [1,2]
The molecular mechanisms underlying gonadal development have totally been unrevealed in D. hystrix
In order to guarantee the performance of reproductive management of this fish species under aquaculture conditions, more importantly, further efforts to establish an effective technique for inducing gamete maturation are highly encouraged. This is the first study on the gonad transcriptome of D. hystrix and a number of
Summary
Spot-fin porcupine fish (Diodon hystrix) belonging to the family Diodontidae (Teleostei, Tetraodontiformes) is mainly distributed in the lagoons and coral reefs of tropical seawater [1,2]. D. hystrix is widely considered to have tetrodotoxin [3], this fish species is noted for its delicious meat and nutritious skin that is rich in collagen, especially in the Pacific Islands region and southern Hainan Island, China [4,5]. The fat contents in skin and muscle tissues are found to be negligible, contributing to a low energy value [6]. As a gonochoristic fish species, porcupine fish gonad maturates earlier in males than females under either natural or aquaculture conditions. It is, difficult, to obtain fertilized eggs using conventional techniques of artificial propagation. With the bloom of porcupine fish industry, artificial breeding remains a significant barrier for the successful aquaculture of
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