Comparison of goals set by people with multiple sclerosis during two fatigue management interventions

Abstract

Background Identifying the meaningful goals of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) can facilitate tailored treatment plans. Objectives To describe and compare the goals set by PwMS during two interventions, and explore the strategies used to meet their goals, the barriers and facilitators influencing goal achievement. Methods Data from 56 community-dwelling PwMS were used in this secondary analysis: 45 used an interactive fatigue self-management website (MS INFoRm), and 11 received MS INFoRm coupled with occupational performance coaching (OPC) for 3 months. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) was used to map and compare the goals, strategies, facilitators and obstacles to goal achievement between the groups. Goals were also evaluated for being Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant and Timely (SMART). Results Most goals were related to ‘looking after one’s health’ (n = 35) and ‘recreation and leisure’ (n = 17). Participants who received OPC set more SMART goals (75 vs. 24%, p < 0.01). Fatigue management strategies were identified. Personal and environmental factors were found as facilitators and obstacles to goal achievement. Conclusion and significance Coaching can help PwMS with goal setting, and to adapt strategies to achieve their goals. Increased awareness of goals set by PwMS may equip clinicians to better assess their clients’ needs.