Comparison of Genetic Diversity between Peanut Mini Core Collections from China and ICRISAT by SSR Markers

Abstract

A core collection or mini core is a subset of accessions from the entire collection that covers most of available genetic diversity of a species.Extensive investigation of core collections is an efficient approach to enhance evaluation and utilization for crop germplasm.The mini core collections of peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) from China consisting of 298 accessions and from International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics(ICRISAT) consisting of 168 accessions were comparatively analysed by SSR method.Twenty six polymorphic SSR markers screened from 206 primer pairs were used to investigate the similarity and genetic distance among the peanut accessions involved.The similarity coefficients between the genotype pairs among the 466 accessions ranged from 0.49 to 0.99.The largest genetic distance was between L2 Gangguo(a Chinese genotype) and ICG12625(an ICRISAT genotype) with a similarity coefficient of 0.49.Among the six botanical types in peanut,accessions of fastigiata and hypogaea were more diversified than other types.There was considerable genetic difference between the Chinese peanut accessions and some ICRISAT accessions especially with the aequatoriana genotype ICG12625.The genetic diversity was greater among the Chinese peanut mini core than that among ICRISAT mini core in terms of the similarity coefficient and genetic diversity index.