Abstract
Utilization of coastal in Bali tourism destination by investor is to build of hotel, bar and restaurant, and to develop beach tourism attractions, and so location of tourists expose to the sun known with term 3S is Sea, Sand, Sun. There are four patterns of management of coastal tourism destinatyion in Bali, nemaly, (1) Pattern of management by village tradition; (2) Pattern of management by village foundation; (3) Pattern of management by government authority/agency; and (4) Natural development (without pattern of management). The pattern of management by village tradition was applied in Kuta beach and Jimbaran beach in Badung regency. The pattern of management by village foundation was applied to manage of Sanur beach in Denpasar city. The pattern of management by government authority/agency was used to manage of Nusa Dua beach and surrounding in Badung regency. Meanwhile, natural development (without pattern of management) was used in many beaches in Bali, like Nusa Lembongan island beach in Klungkung regency. Two management patterns - management by village tradition and management by village foundation initiatives by local community and its developing, local community livelihood in all long of beach very depending on tourism. While, management by authority agency initiatives are mainly applied by the central government in Jakarta. Coastal tourism managed through the three kinds of management approaches are generally good, particularly on environmental security, tourists safety, maintaining clean environment which are made possible through mobilization of task forces. On the other hand, coastal areas without planned tourism management, generally suffers from several problems. Hence the development of sustainable coastal tourism should be managed by one of institution which may be that of a local community or a governmental authority/agency
Highlights
The development of tourism has been oscillating for the last decades, associated with various factors, such as financial crisis (1997/1998-2000), 9/11 tragedy, Gulf War, issues on SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), and issues on terrorism
Pattern or coastal tourism management system (Sustainable Coastal Tourism) is applied in this time in Sanur coastal referred as a Pattern of Management by Village Foundation
Two management patterns management by village tradition and management by village foundation initiatives by local community and its developing, local community livelihood in all long of beach very depending on tourism
Summary
The development of tourism has been oscillating for the last decades, associated with various factors, such as financial crisis (1997/1998-2000), 9/11 tragedy, Gulf War, issues on SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), and issues on terrorism. Positive impacts of tourism, in Bali can be seen from several indicators, namely (1) as a source of foreign exchange for the country, (2) a potential market for goods and services produced by the local community, (3) to increase the community income whose activities are directly or indirectly related to services of tourism, (4) to increase the job opportunity, either in direct-linkage sectors such as hotel, restaurant, and travel agent, or at indirect linkage sectors such as handicraft industry, supply of agricultural produce, cultural attraction, retail business, and the other service activities, (5) as a source of region‟s indirect taxes, and (6) to stimulate the artists‟ creativity, such as those in small-scale industry or in traditional performing arts (Antara and Pitana, 2009) Tourism, wherever it is, including in Bali has arisen positive impact for regional and national economy, in other side, it gives negative impact such as decrease of potential farming area for supporting the tourism infrastructure development, increase the crime, traffic jam, urbanization, migration, arising of shop, shopping centre, mall which violet the rules of environment, environment degradation and pollution.
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