Abstract

An operational field trial was established to compare the efficacy and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss.) tolerance of three alternative glyphosate formulations to Vision®, Canada's originally registered forestry formulation. The trial was done at operational scale (minimum treatment unit 7 ha) using helicopter application of all products. The tested alternatives included two new generic formulations, recently registered for forestry in Canada (Glyfos-Forza® and Vantage®), and one widely used formulation in the United States (Accord®). All four formulations provided greater than 90% control of bluejoint reedgrass (Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) Beauv.) through 23 months post-treatment (p > 0.27). Assessed over the same period, the three Canadian formulations provided equivalent white spruce tolerance (p > 0.10), with seedlings exhibiting only minor, non-lethal herbicide injury. Accord®, not registered for use in Canada, consistently provided the best crop tolerance, but differences were only statistically significant 11 months post-treatment (p = 0.10). The results suggest that foresters may choose among the glyphosate formulations available in Canada without concern for product-related differences in efficacy and white spruce tolerance. Key words: glyphosate, white spruce, conifer tolerance, Calamagrostis canadensis, efficacy

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