Abstract
The phenomenon of sloshing can be described as the movement of the free surface of a liquid contained in a reservoir under the action of a suddenly applied load. H. Olsen cited the classification of free-surface fluctuations in liquids by identifying three main forms of sloshing: a) longitudinal sloshing, b) vertical sloshing c) rotating sloshing. Sloshing is a phenomenon that is found in a wide range of industrial applications: in containers for storing liquefied gas, fuel tanks of missiles and airplanes, in tanks of cargo tankers. The vibrations of the real tanks are caused by sloshing of the fluid and vibration of the elastic walls. In completely (or almost completely) filled tanks, the free surface cannot experience strong oscillations. This corresponds to the launch of the launch vehicle. However, in further stages of flight, when the level of liquid aggregate falls, the sloshing effect becomes dominant. It was repeatedly noted that powerful sloshing can lead to a violation of the flight trajectory, as happened, for example, during the launch of the Falcon 1 launch vehicle in 2006, 2007 and 2008. The next important problem in the study of the oscillations of the fuel tanks is the study of the associated hydro-elastic oscillations of the fluid interacting with the elastic walls of the tank. New analytical method and computer technology have been developed for analyzing free and forced vibrations of composite fuel tanks of missiles at different stages of flight: during overloads and in microgravity conditions, including sloshing fuel. The proposed method allows us for more accurate analysis of fuel tank oscillations, taking into account the mutual influence of elastic deformations of tank walls and tank filling levels changing during missions and the shape of the free surface of the liquid, the presence of elastic and rigid damping internal partitions, and the change in acceleration of gravity. A mathematical model has been developed for the analysis of fuel sloshing at large amplitudes. The free oscillations of the launch vehicle tanks are considered.
Highlights
The phenomenon of sloshing can be described as the movement of the free surface of a liquid contained in a reservoir under the action of a suddenly applied load
Sloshing is a phenomenon that is found in a wide range of industrial applications: in containers for storing liquefied gas, fuel tanks of missiles and airplanes, in tanks of cargo tankers
The vibrations of the real tanks are caused by sloshing of the fluid and vibration of the elastic walls
Summary
The phenomenon of sloshing can be described as the movement of the free surface of a liquid contained in a reservoir under the action of a suddenly applied load. В данной работе на основе эффективных вычислительных схем методов конечных и граничных элементов и их теоретического обоснования разработаны новый аналитический метод и компьютерная технология для анализа свободных и вынужденных колебаний составных топливных баков ракет носителей на различных стадиях полета: при перегрузках и в условиях микрогравитации, в том числе, с учетом плесканий топлива. Предлагаемый метод позволяет осуществлять более точный анализ колебаний топливных баков, учесть взаимное влияние упругих деформаций стенок баков и изменяющихся во время полета уровня заполнения баков и формы свободной поверхности жидкости, наличие упругих и жестких демпфирующих внутренних перегородок, изменение ускорения силы тяжести. H. Olsen привел в [8 классификацию колебаний свободной поверхности жидкости в резервуарах, выделив три основные формы плесканий: а) продольные плескания, б) вертикальные плескания в) вращательные плескания.
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