Abstract
The equilibrium grain boundary segregation in a series of 9% Cr ferritic steel alloys, doped with different concentrations of P impurity, has been measured by analytical scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). Both P and Cr segregation to boundaries was detected using both methods. Different levels of sophistication have been used to process the spectral data in order to derive the equivalent fractional monolayer concentrations of the segregants. The distributions of measurements from individual grain boundaries are displayed as histograms, and the different analytical processes are contrasted by comparing the means and standard deviations of these distributions. The STEM and AES results for P are in agreement irrespective of the technique and analytical procedure used. However, a systematic divergence occurs in the Cr results, which is considered to arise from contributions from Cr-rich boundary precipitates to the AES spectra that cannot be accurately separated. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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