Comparison of feeding and biodeposition of three bivalves at different food levels

Abstract

Experiments on the edible mussel Mytilus edulis, the American oyster Crassostrea virginica, and the hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria, using flowing systems, showed that the feeding and biodeposition rates were affected by food concentration. At all levels of food concentration, the order of increasing feeding rate (both the percent of available particulate carbon and the actual amount of carbon removed) was: clam < oyster < mussel. All bivalves exhibited lower feeding rates (both precent and actual) at low food concentrations. However, the precent of available food removed quickly increased to a maximum at food concentrations typical for the natural environment. This maximum remained constant for the mussel and oyster, but declined with increasing food concentration for the clam. However, because this percentage was for increasing levels, the actual carbon removed continued to increase up to the highest food level for all three bivalves. In increasing order of biodeposition rate, the bivalves were: clam < oyster < mussel. The biodeposition rates of the three bivalves increased logarithmically with increased food concentration as a result of the production of pseudofeces. The feeding and biodeposition data were used to calculate assimilation rates, and this pointed out the higher efficiency of the oyster compared to the mussel and clam.