Abstract
The proposed paper discusses multimodal container transport due to savings in external costs. Relevant data have been analysed by reviewing previous research and published works for making a synthesis of one’s own conclusions. The research findings showed that there is no significant difference in the share of external costs of container transport and transport of other types of cargo in great European seaports as well as in energy consumption of multimodal rail-inland ship container transport and the same transport mode of bulk cargo. Intermodal terminals have also their own external costs. In spite of a double railway operational cost, it is important to include the railway in the intermodal terminal. The inland waterway transport has much higher external costs than sea transport. Multimodal container transport does not necessarily lower external costs. The savings are more common if the location and type of intermodal terminal are selected properly, and the sea transportation is involved in the multimodal transport chain.
Highlights
Nowadays, international transport is based on complex networks of services that involve a plurality of stakeholders and transport solutions in order to make efficient connection between globalized origins and possible destinations [1, 2]
The savings are more common if the location and type of intermodal terminal are selected properly, and the sea transportation is involved in the multimodal transport chain
The paper points out the conditions to be met in multimodal container transport chain in order to lower the share of external costs
Summary
International transport is based on complex networks of services that involve a plurality of stakeholders and transport solutions in order to make efficient connection between globalized origins and possible destinations [1, 2]. External costs of transport are traffic caused social costs, which are not internalized in the transport sector, but compensated from other sources of public sector or community. They reflect the cost of all expenses that occur as a result of the exploitation of the transport system [4]. Multimodal transport reflects the combination of various modes of transport (water, road, rail and air), primarily through the use of containers. Container transport takes place within the road, rail, inland waterway, and maritime traffic networks. The paper points out the conditions to be met in multimodal container transport chain in order to lower the share of external costs. 0% Air traffic Road traffic Other traffic Energy Industry Nitric oxide Carbon hydrates Carbon monoxide
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