Abstract
The CALICE collaboration develops different high-granularity hadronic calorimeter technologies for a future linear collider. These technologies differ in active material, granularity and their readout and thus their energy reconstruction schemes. The Analogue Hadron Calorimeter (AHCAL), based on scintillator tiles with Silicon Photomultiplier readout, measures the signal amplitude of the energy deposition in cells of at most 3 × 3 cm2 size. The Digital, Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) based, HCAL (DHCAL) detects hits above a certain threshold by firing pad sensors of 1 × 1 cm2. A 2 bit readout is provided by the, also RPC based, Semi-Digital HCAL (SDHCAL), which counts hits above three different thresholds per 1 × 1 cm2 cell. All three calorimeter concepts have been realised in a 1m3 prototype with interleaved Steel absorber and tested at various test beams. This study investigates the impact of the readout, granularity and active medium on the energy resolution individually by applying the reconstruction procedures on AHCAL data, that can also be processed in a way which emulates a (semi-) digital readout system. The difference in granularity is studied via simulations of an AHCAL with 1 × 1 cm2 cell sizes.Additionally, a so-called Software Compensation algorithm is developed to weight hits dependent on their energy content and correct for the difference in the response to the electromagnetic and hadronic sub-showers and thus reduce the influence of fluctuations in the π0 generation. The impact on the energy resolution will be discussed and compared to the other energy reconstruction schemes.
Highlights
This study investigates the impact of the readout, granularity and active medium on the energy resolution individually by applying the reconstruction procedures on AHCAL data, that can be processed in a way which emulates a
For a future linear electron-positron collider such as ILC or CLIC, the desired jet energy resolution of 3 – 4 % for a wide range of jet energies can be achieved by using Particle Flow Algorithms for the jet reconstruction
For reliable results from the 1 × 1 cm2 AHCAL simulation it is important to validate the simulation of hadronic showers by comparing them to the measured test beam data, especially for the quantities that are relevant for the energy reconstruction
Summary
For a future linear electron-positron collider such as ILC or CLIC, the desired jet energy resolution of 3 – 4 % for a wide range of jet energies can be achieved by using Particle Flow Algorithms for the jet reconstruction. The concepts differ in active material for the shower detection, granularity, readout technology and reconstruction method. This makes it difficult to disentangle the influence of each of these components to the energy resolution of jets as well as of individual particles. For reliable results from the 1 × 1 cm AHCAL simulation it is important to validate the simulation of hadronic showers by comparing them to the measured test beam data, especially for the quantities that are relevant for the energy reconstruction. The test beam runs are simulated using the software packages Geant version 9.6 patch 1.The physics lists FTFP BERT and QGSP BERT from Geant show best performance for hadrons and were chosen for comparisons in this analysis
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