Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare differences of energy expenditure and substrate metabolism between motorized-treadmill and overground running in three different velocities in Chinese middle-aged women. In total, 74 healthy middle-aged women (age, 48 ± 4 years; height, 159.4 ± 4.9 cm; weight, 58.6 ± 6.7 kg; and body-mass index (BMI), 23.1 ± 2.7 kg/m2) volunteered to participate in this study. Bioelectrical-impedance analysis was used to measure body composition. Energy expenditure, carbohydrates (CHO), and fat oxidation were calculated with indirect calorimetry during motorized-treadmill and overground running. Running speed from slow to fast was 7.0, 8.0, and 9.0 km/h. The duration of each velocity was 6 min, separated by 5–15 min rest. There was no significant difference in energy expenditure between overground and treadmill running at the speed of 7 km/h (8.10 ± 1.25 vs. 7.75 ± 1.13 kcal/min, p > 0.05). Energy expenditure of overground running at 8 and 9 km/h was higher than that of treadmill running (9.36 ± 1.40 vs. 8.54 ± 1.21 kcal/min; 10.33 ± 1.55 vs. 9.54 ± 1.36 kcal/min; both p < 0.01). Fat contribution to energy consumption was significantly higher during treadmill running than during overground running (both p < 0.01) at speeds of 8 and 9 km/h. Overground running at high intensity incurred greater energy consumption than treadmill running did. However, results showed greater fat utilization during treadmill running than during overground running at high intensity. It is critical that these differences are taken into account when we prescribe training modes and intensities for middle-aged women.
Highlights
The purpose of this study was to compare differences of energy expenditure and substrate metabolism between motorized-treadmill and overground running in three different velocities in Chinese middleaged women
A significant effect of increasing the running speed from 7 to 9 km/h was found on energy expenditure (F = 229.7, p < 0.01, η2 = 0.76; Fig. 1A), VO2 (F = 294.3, p < 0.01, η2 = 0.80; Table 3), CHO oxidation (F = 119.4, p < 0.01, η2 = 0.62; Fig. 2), fat oxidation (F = 15.4, p < 0.01, η2 = 0.18; Fig. 2), fat contribution (%) (F = 63.3, p < 0.01, η2 = 0.47; Fig. 3), heart rate (F = 257.3, p < 0.01, η2 = 0.78; Fig. 1B)
A significant effect of the modes was found on energy expenditure (F = 31.8, p < 0.01, η2 = 0.13; Fig. 1A), VO2 (F = 44.1, p < 0.01, η2 = 0.17, Table 3), CHO oxidation (F = 35.2, p < 0.01, η2 =0.14; Fig. 2), fat oxidation (F = 15.1, p < 0.01, η2 = 0.06; Fig. 2), fat contribution (%) (F = 38.9, p < 0.01, η2 = 0.15; Fig. 3), heart rate (F = 17.9, p < 0.01, η2 = 0.08; Fig. 1B)
Summary
The purpose of this study was to compare differences of energy expenditure and substrate metabolism between motorized-treadmill and overground running in three different velocities in Chinese middleaged women. Some studies[8,9] found that there was no significant difference in oxygen uptake between the two modes, while others[10,11] found that the oxygen uptake of motorized-treadmill running was higher than that of overground running at the same speed. Carbohydrates (CHO) and free fatty acids are two main fuel sources that are oxidized during exercise, the contributions of which are influenced by physical activity intensity[12], duration[13], and exercise modes[14]. It should be clear what the CHO and fat oxidation characteristics in overground and treadmill running are. There are no data on the energy-expenditure comparison of overground and treadmill running in middle-aged and older adults
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