Abstract
Analysing the emotional behaviour of adolescents is fundamental because of its relationship with maladaptive behaviour and even possible psychological maladjustments. For this reason, this study had two objectives: to analyse the existence of significant differences in socio-emotional behaviour in English, Spanish, and Chilean adolescents, taking gender into account, and to analyse the relationship between emotional behaviour and the effective personality model in the Spanish and Chilean samples. A total of 2534 adolescents participated (609 English, 1677 Spanish, and 248 Chilean). The Abbreviated Scale of Emotional Behaviour (ECEA_R: aggressive tendency, social reactivity, and social support) and the Effective Personality Questionnaire—Adolescents (CPE-A: academic self-realisation, socio-affective self-realisation, and resolute efficacy) were applied. A MANOVA was carried out to study the differences in adolescents’ socio-emotional behaviour, taking gender and nationality into account, and a correlational analysis was undertaken to explore the relationship between the variables of emotional behaviour (aggressive tendency, social reactivity, and social support) and effective personality (academic self-realisation, socio-affective self-realisation, and resolute efficacy). Regarding the first objective, for aggressive tendency, English male adolescents stood out, followed by Spanish and Chilean male adolescents and females of all nationalities. In terms of social reactivity, female adolescents stood out over male adolescents and, with regard to social support, Spanish adolescents (male and female) stood out over other nationalities, followed by Chilean and English adolescents (males and females). The results of the second objective indicated a negative relationship between aggressive tendency and academic self-realisation, but a positive relationship for social reactivity and social support (only in the Spanish sample) with most of the effective personality factors. The results are relevant for the application of prevention and intervention programs that improve or implement social and affective competencies in adolescents who develop the effective personality construct.
Highlights
Analysing adolescent emotional behaviour is essential for understanding the relationship it has with the appearance of maladaptive behaviours and even possible psychological maladjustments [1]
This study presented the correlations found between the three dimensions of emotional behaviour studied and dimensions corresponding to the effective personality construct
The study had two objectives: on the one hand, it aimed to analyse the existence of significant differences in emotional behaviour among adolescents of three nationalities, taking the gender variable into account; on the other hand, it aimed to analyse the relationship between emotional behaviour and the dimensions of the effective personality construct in the Spanish and Chilean samples
Summary
Analysing adolescent emotional behaviour is essential for understanding the relationship it has with the appearance of maladaptive behaviours and even possible psychological maladjustments [1]. The present work, compared with previous studies, represents an advance for two main reasons It is a cross-cultural study on adolescent emotional behaviour in samples from three countries, taking the gender variable into account. The study had two objectives: on the one hand, it aimed to analyse the existence of significant differences in emotional behaviour among adolescents of three nationalities, taking the gender variable into account; on the other hand, it aimed to analyse the relationship between emotional behaviour and the dimensions of the effective personality construct in the Spanish and Chilean samples. With respect to the second objective, the hypothesis is that there will be positive correlations between the effective personality construct and the social support and social reactivity factors, but negative correlations with the aggressive tendency factor
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