Comparison of EEG biofeedback training effects in different brain regions of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the effect of EEG biofeedback in different brain regions of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Subjects and Methods: 40 children with DSM-IV score ≥ 26 were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 completed 30 times of EGG biofeedback training at FCz point and group 2 completed 30 times of EGG biofeedback training at Fp1 point. Theta / beta(θ/β), and theta/SMR(θ/SMR) were collected before and after treatment. The data of integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test (IVA-CPT) were compared to analyze the effects of different brain regions before and after treatment. Results: After 30 times training, The ratio of theta / beta(θ/β) were decreased significantly in two groups, and the time main effect was statistically significant(F(1,38)=23.945, P <0.001, $\eta _P^2{\text{ = 0}}{\text{.387}}$). In the ratio of theta/SMR(θ/SMR), the ratio of group 1 decreased significantly after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant(t(1,19)=3.373, P <0.01). The ratio of group 2 decreas not significant after treatment, and there was no statistical significance (t (1,19) = 0.638, P >0.05). In the IVA-CPT test, the Full scale Response Control Quotient(FRCQ) of the two groups increased significantly after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (F(1,38)=58.998, P <0.001, $\eta _P^2 = 0.608$); The Full scale Attention Quotient(FAQ) of the two groups also increased significantly after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (F(1,38)=64.587, P < 0.01, $\eta _P^2 = 0.630$). Conclusion: EEG biofeedback has clinical efficacy in the children of ADHD. The improvement of brain wave ratio is different in different brain regions, but it has been significantly improved in IVA-CPT data, The θ/SMR is more effective in FCz point training than Fp1, but this study only compared the treatment effects for 30 times, and it is uncertain whether the difference in the improvement of brain wave ratio still exists with the increase of treatment times.