Comparison of dynamic height variations in the tropical Atlantic during 1987–1989 as viewed in sections Hydrography and Geosat altimetry

Abstract

During the 1980s the Soviet Union conducted a series of 25 hydrographic cruises in the tropical Atlantic under the Sections (acronym for Energetically Active Zones of the Ocean and Climate Variability) program. As one of its objectives, Sections has produced the most extensive hydrographic data set ever collected in the tropical Atlantic. Here we examine dynamic topography from seven cruises during the years 1987 through 1989 and compare them to corresponding maps of sea level from the Geosat satellite mission. The two independent estimates of sea level variation are well correlated, with the sea level fields explaining approximately half of the variance of dynamic height fields. There is a seasonal variation to the agreement, so that the correlation increases somewhat in summer and fall, as the variability of the height field increases. Wavenumber spectra of both dynamic height and sea level are quite red for wavelengths greater than 400–600 km. Smaller wavelengths cannot be resolved by the hydrographic sampling program. A comparison of the dynamic height and sea level spectra indicates that sea level has somewhat less variability than dynamic height at all wavenumbers.