Abstract
Coccidiosis is a disease responsible for serious economic losses in the poultry industry. This paper compares the effect of coccidiosis infection in a population of experimentally infected Castellana Negra chickens previously administered the ionophorous antibiotic monensin (Treatment 1), Alquernat Zyox, a herb-based product (Treatment 2), or a live vaccine based on oocystes selected for precocity (Treatment 3). Fifty birds per treatment were housed in captivity and weighed individually once every two weeks. At nine weeks they were infected with pathogenic oocysts of Eimeria tenella, E. acervulina and E. maxima. No significant differences (P
Highlights
Coccidiosis, a disease of poultry caused by Eimeria spp., is responsible for serious economic losses - up to € 1500 million annually worldwide (Escoda, 2003)
An ionophorous antibiotic produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis, has long been the most used anticoccidial agent in the poultry industry
The Castellana Negra breed, which belongs to the class of slow-growing chicken lines, is a native of Spain currently classified as endangered
Summary
Coccidiosis, a disease of poultry caused by Eimeria spp., is responsible for serious economic losses - up to € 1500 million annually worldwide (Escoda, 2003). An ionophorous antibiotic produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis, has long been the most used anticoccidial agent in the poultry industry. Despite the warnings made (Ruff, 1993), resistance to almost all ionophorous antibiotics has appeared (Chapman, 1993) (resistance is probably the single most important factor in the demise of the effectiveness of these drugs [Li et al, 2005]), there are concerns about drug residues in poultry products, and there is a strong consumer desire to do away with drugs in animal feeds. Recent norms (EC Directives 2092/1991 [OJ, 1991] and 1804/1999 [OJ, 1999]) require that poultry producers dispense with the use of certain drugs when feeding their birds. The pressing need to move away from the chemotherapeutic control of coccidiosis has led to increased interest in vaccination. Youn and Noh (2001) report on the efficacy of extracts of Bupleurum chinese, Pulsatilla koreana, P. aviculare, Ulmus macrocarpa, Sophora japonica, Torilis nucifera, Quisqualis indica, Sophora flavescens and Sophora acutum as anticoccidial agents
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