Abstract
Objective: To compare the congenital tooth deficiencies seen in permanent dentition in individuals with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) to non-cleft individuals with Angle Class I malocclusion. Method: The study was performed on orthopantomograph films of 50 individuals with UCLP aged between 12 - 16 years and 50 individuals with Angle Class I malocclusion individuals aged between 13 - 15 years. Individuals with UCLP; 32 clefts were on the left side and 18 clefts were on the right side. Permanent third molar teeth deficiency was excluded from the study. Results: In 50 individuals with UCLP; 35 (70%) upper lateral incisors were congenitally deficient in the cleft area, while 15 (30%) missing lateral teeth were found in the non-cleft side. In control group, 12 (24%) of 50 patients had congenital lateral incisor deficiency. Congenital deficiency of upper lateral incisor in UCLP; the cleft area was higher than the non-cleft side (p < 0.01). The difference was statistically important when compared with the control group (p < 0.001). In 50 individuals with UCLP; while 27 (54%) of second premolar teeth were congenitally deficient in cleft side, 23 (46%) were missing in non-cleft side. In control group, 18 (36%) congenital second premolar deficiency was detected. However, second premolar congenital deficiency was higher in UCLP group when compared to control group (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The deficiency of the lateral incisors in the cleft side is more often congenitally deficient than upper second premolar teeth and this should be considered in the treatment planning from an early age.
Highlights
Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is a congenital development anomaly, and we encounter the loss of substance caused by cleft in the upper jaw
Patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) compared to the control group; congenital deficiency of upper lateral incisor was seen more in the cleft group (p < 0.001) (Figure 2)
Congenital deficiency of the lateral incisor in patients with UCLP; It was found more in the cleft region than the non-cleft side (p < 0.01) (Figure 3)
Summary
Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is a congenital development anomaly, and we encounter the loss of substance caused by cleft in the upper jaw. The cleft lip and/or palate constitute approximately 65% of all congenital craniofacial anomalies. The prevalence of this congenital anomaly in the world was 1/700 - 1000 ratio, this ratio is seen as 1/800 in Turkey. When speech and sometimes hearing problems are added to the difference in appearance, the child appears with great psychological problems. Orthodontist and speech therapist, especially pediatrician, geneticist, ENT doctor, child psychiatrist, pedodontist, dentist are the most important elements of this team [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
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