Comparison of cocaine reinforcement in lean and obese Zucker rats: Relative potency and reinstatement of extinguished operant responding

Abstract

AimsEvidence indicates that obese individuals exhibit alterations in brain-reward function that are anatomically and functionally similar to what has been observed in drug addicts, which could theoretically make obese individuals vulnerable to drug abuse and drug abusers vulnerable to overeating. However, few studies have investigated the cross-generality of these phenotypes. We recently reported that the reinforcing effectiveness (i.e., value) of a fat was greater in obese Zucker rats than in their lean counterparts, but found no differences in the reinforcing effectiveness of cocaine between groups, suggesting psychostimulant reinforcement is similar in lean and obese Zucker rats. However, it is unknown if other aspects of reinforcement such as cocaine's potency as a reinforcer or its reinstating effects differ in lean and obese Zucker rats. MethodsThe current study compared cocaine's potency as a reinforcer in lean and obese Zucker rats self-administering intravenous cocaine (0.06–1.0mg/kg/inj), and subsequently tested these subjects in cue- (light) and drug-primed (intraperitoneal cocaine; 10mg/kg) reinstatement of extinguished operant responding. ResultsAll rats acquired cocaine self-administration and generated “inverted-U” dose-response functions. Following extinction of responding, the cue- and drug-primes increased lever-pressing in both groups (i.e., reinstatement). No significant differences in the reinforcing potency or reinstating effects of cocaine were observed as a function of obesity. ConclusionsThese results, combined with our previous observations, demonstrate that cocaine's reinforcing effects are comparable in lean and obese Zucker rats and do not support the hypothesis that obesity is associated with an altered reinforcing effect of psychostimulants.