Comparison of Chromium and Iron Distribution in Serum and Urine among Healthy People and Prediabetes and Diabetes Patients.

Qi Zhou,Yanan Jia,Jiancheng Xu,Wenjia Guo

doi:10.1155/2019/3801639

Abstract

The effect of chromium (Cr) and iron (Fe) on prevalence of diabetes has received great attention. This study investigated serum and urinary Cr and Fe levels among patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), type 1 diabetes (T1D), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the Northeast Chinese population. From January 2010 to October 2011, patients with IFG (n=12), IGT (n=15), T1D (n=25), T2D (n=137) and healthy controls (n=50) were enrolled in the First Hospital of Jilin University. Trace elements were detected using an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer. Serum Cr levels decreased in T2D without complications, diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and diabetic nephropathy (DN) (P<0.05). The urinary Cr level in T1D was the highest of all, which significantly exceeded those of the T2D groups with and without complications. No significant differences of serum Fe levels were found among all groups. The urinary Fe level of T1D was significantly increased (P<0.05). The correlation between serum Cr and serum Fe in T2D was obviously positive (P<0.05). One month of simvastatin therapy exerted no effects on serum or urinary Cr and Fe levels. These results suggest the potential role of Cr and Fe in diabetes should receive attention.

Highlights

Incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has been remaining high worldwide
Diet plus physical activity may reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in people with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)
The urinary Cr level in type 1 diabetes (T1D) was the highest of all (Figure 1(a)), which significantly exceeded those of the T2D groups with and without complications

Summary

Introduction

Incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has been remaining high worldwide. The chronic disease has caused 1.6 million people to die in 2015 [1] and WHO predicts the number of patients would be over 592 million people in 2035 [2]. As the 4thfatal illness of the noncommunicable diseases [1], it worsens patients’ health and quality of life severely. Previous studies have shown increasing prevalence of diabetes in China, which is the world’s largest diabetes epidemic now. Among the Chinese adult population in 2013, the estimated standardized prevalence of total diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes is 10.9%; that of diagnosed diabetes, 4.0%; and that of prediabetes, 35.7% [3]. Diet plus physical activity may reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in people with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion