Comparison of Chemical Constituents of Essential Oil from Aerial Constituent of Mentha longifolia and Salvia multicaulis Obtained by Hydro distillation and Headspace Analysis

Abstract

As an important phytochemical class, essential oils of aromatic plants are determined as a perfect resource of food additives and medicinal agents. The chemical composition of the essential oils is affected by many factors such as extraction techniques. The present study focused on a comparative study of the chemical constituent of essential oil acquired by hydrodistillation and that by headspace analysis. Salvia multicaulis: There was a major constituent in the essential oils which were obtained through the extraction by the HD approach. These compounds included α-pinene (15.4 %), 1,8-cineole (10.2 %), camphene (8.1 %), β- pinene (3.9 %), camphor (6.6 %), borneol (8.8 %), bornyl acetate (10.3% ) and (E) -caryophyllene (9.9 %). The HS managed to yield α-pinene (41.2 %), camphene (19.3% ), 1,8-cineole (11.1% ), β-pinene (5.0 %), myrcene (2.3 %), limonene (4.1 %) and camphor (3.6 %). Mentha longifolia: Outcomes of GC/MS analysis have identified 28 and 29 constituents in samples removed by HS and HD approaches; representing 99.7 % and 99.5 % of the oils. pulegone (64.0 ), 1,8-cineole (11.7 %), piperitenone (4.5 %), p-menth-3-en-8-ol (2.7% ), borneol (2.7 %), β-pinene (2.1 %), cis-isopulegone (2.0 %), α-pinene (1.5% ) and sabinene (1.5 %) were considered as huge parts of essential oil removed by HD and significant constituent of headspace constituent by HS procedures were pulegone (41.4 %), β-pinene (6.1 %), 1,8-cineole (21.7 %), α-pinene (5.7 %), p-menth-3-en-8-ol (5.0 %), sabinene (4.4 %), myrcene (3.8 %), limonene (2.2 %). In conclusion, it has been suggested that the headspace approach be used for essential oil extraction since it is simple, time-saving, and eco-friendly.