Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are amongst the main causes of death worldwide, and the main underlying pathological process is atherosclerosis. Over the years, fatty materials are accumulated in the arterial which consequently hinders the blood flow. Due to the great mortality rate of this disease, hemodynamic studies within stenotic arteries have been of great clinical interest, and computational methods have played an important role. Commonly, computational fluid dynamics methods, where only the blood flow behavior is considered, however, the study of both blood and artery walls’ interaction is of foremost importance. In this regard, in the present study, both computational fluid dynamics and fluid-structure interaction modeling analysis were performed in order to evaluate if the arterial wall compliance affects considerably the hemodynamic results obtained in idealized stenotic coronary models. From the overall results, it was observed that the influence of wall compliance was noteworthy on wall shear stress distribution, but its effect on the time-averaged wall shear stress and on the oscillatory shear index was minor.
Highlights
Over the last year, COVID-19 has been the most widely spoken and researched disease worldwide and, inevitably, other existing pathologies were moved to the background
As expected, during diastole (Figure 3b) the velocities measured are higher than during systole (Figure 3a). This happens because, during systole, the coronary arteries are compressed by the contraction of the myocardium, and so, most of the coronary flow occurs during diastole, where the flow increases
This is expected because the deformation of the elastic model provides a larger volume for the blood flow through and, as the inflow rate is equal for both models, naturally, the velocities will be higher when a rigid wall is considered
Summary
COVID-19 has been the most widely spoken and researched disease worldwide and, inevitably, other existing pathologies were moved to the background. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) should be highlighted because they still are by far the major contributor to global mortality [1]. CVDs are mainly caused by a blockage that prevents blood from flowing properly, known as atherosclerosis [2, 3]. This is a complex disease that affects medium and large size arteries and consists of a build-up of fatty deposits on the inner walls of the blood vessels, hampering the blood flow through the body [4]. It has been shown that patients with COVID-19 are prone to develop blood clots on both arteries and veins [5], and atherosclerosis may be an even more important factor to global mortality
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