Abstract
The purpose of this study is to compare the load calculation results by a model using the air changes per hour (ACH) method and a model using an airflow network (AFN) and to ascertain what causes the difference between the two models. In the basic case study, the difference in the heat transfer distribution of the model in the interior space was investigated. The most significant difference between the two models is the heat transfer that results from infiltration. Parameter analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between the difference and the environmental variables. The result shows that the greater the difference is between the air temperature inside the balcony and the outdoor air temperature, and the greater the air flows from the balcony to the residential area, and the greater the heating and cooling load difference occurs. The analysis using the actual weather files of five domestic cities in South Korea rather than a virtual case shows that the differences are not so obvious when the wind blows at a constant speed throughout the year, but are dominant when the wind does not blow during the night and is stronger alongside the occurrence of sunlight during the day.
Highlights
According to Statistics Korea’s housing census, as of 2019, the number of residential houses nationwide is about 17.63 million
By using the baseline model that has been calibrated and the model using the air changes per hour (ACH) and airflow network (AFN) method, analysis was conducted for the coldest day in winter (8 January at 7 a.m.) and the hottest day in summer (1 August at 2 p.m.)
The model results using the ACH method are similar; one significant difference is the inclusion of the heat gained via infiltration instead of the interzone heat gain resulting from the transfer of air between the balcony and the residential area
Summary
According to Statistics Korea’s housing census, as of 2019, the number of residential houses nationwide is about 17.63 million. Multi-family housings account for about 14.21 million (78%) and detached houses account for about 3.91 million units (22%). The proportion of apartments among multi-family housings is 79.4%, with 11 million apartments scattered across the country. A proportion of 24% of all energy consumption comes from the building sector, and among the government’s greenhouse gas reduction targets, the building sector has the second highest reduction ratio after transportation. Energy consumption in residential buildings exceeds 50%. Energy saving in apartments, which occupies about 80% of residential buildings, is a very important factor in national policy
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