Abstract
Background:The world prevalence of obesity in adult population in 2014 was nearly 13% while in Indonesia, it has reached 32.9% in the same year. Obesity is an established risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. A large proportion of people who had succeeded to reduce body weight failed to maintain it (weight cycling). Studies were inconclusive about the best composition in the diet for such people. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the body composition changes resulted from low calorie high protein and standard protein diet programme in obese people with history of weight cycling.Methods:This is an open-randomized clinical trial of weight loss program as a part of a larger study researching the effect of low calorie high protein diet to body composition, oxidative stress, inflammation marker and metabolic syndrome in obese with weight cycling. A total of 61 adult obese men and women with history of weight cycling were recruited. Subjects were assigned to low calorie diet and were randomly distributed into two intervention groups, namely high protein group (22-30 % of total calories intake) and standard protein group (12-20%). Anthropometry and body composition data were taken at baseline and at the end of the study. Subjects were followed up to 8 weeks with daily reminder and weekly counselling.Results:Fourty five participants completed the study. There were significant reductions in in body weight and body mass index (BMI), fat mass, fat mass percentage, muscle mass, and gain in muscle mass percentage occurred in both groups (Standard protein: P<0.001; High protein: P<0.001 for all variables except for fat mass P= 0,001) with no difference between group (P>0.05).Conclusion:Calories deficit with either high protein or standard protein for 8 weeks brought about significant reduction in body composition
Highlights
The prevalence of obesity worldwide has doubled from 1980 to 2014
Study design This is an open-randomized clinical trial of dietary consultation for weight loss program as a part of a larger study assessing the effect of low calorie high protein diet to body composition, oxidative stress, inflammation marker and metabolic syndrome in obese with weight cycling
A total of 714 obese people were screened for eligibility
Summary
The prevalence of obesity worldwide has doubled from 1980 to 2014. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that in 2014 there were approximately 600 million people aged 18 years or more diagnosed as having obesity, which was equivalent to 13% of overall world’s population (WHO data on obesity). Changes in metabolism at the cellular level in obese people leads to an increase in lipogenesis, which later increases the size of adipose tissue without adequate angiogenesis causing hypoxia and cell death Those two conditions initiate inflammation mediators with increasing oxidative stress and further exacerbates changes in metabolism, which leads to the development of chronic diseases[2]. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the body composition changes resulted from low calorie high protein and standard protein diet programme in obese people with history of weight cycling. Methods: This is an open-randomized clinical trial of weight loss program as a part of a larger study researching the effect of low calorie high protein diet to body composition, oxidative stress, inflammation marker and metabolic syndrome in obese with weight cycling. There were significant reductions in in body weight and body mass index (BMI), fat mass, fat mass percentage, muscle mass, and gain in muscle mass percentage occurred in both groups (Standard protein: P
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