Abstract
Periodontitis and peri‐implantitis are inflammatory diseases caused by periodontal pathogenic bacteria leading to destruction of supporting periodontal/peri‐implant tissue. However, the progression of inflammatory process of these two diseases is different. The bacterial biofilm is the source of bacteria during the inflammatory process. As the bacteria migrate down the surface of tooth or titanium implant, the inflammation spreads along with it. Streptococcus mutans has an important role in oral bacterial biofilm formation in early stage biofilm before the microbiota shift to late stage and become more virulent. The other major difference is the existence of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells in normal teeth but not in peri‐implant tissue. This study aims to compare the S. mutans bacterial biofilm formation and migration on 2 different surfaces, tooth root and titanium miniscrew. The biofilm was grown with a flow cells system to imitate the oral dynamic system with PDL cells. The migration distances were measured, and the biofilm morphology was observed. Data showed that the biofilm formation on miniscrew was slower than those on tooth root at 24 hr. However, there were no difference in the morphology of the biofilm formed on the tooth root with those formed on the miniscrew at both 24 and 48 hr. The biofilm migration rate was significantly faster on miniscrew surface compare with those on tooth root when observe at 48 hr (p < .001). There are no significant differences in biofilm migration within miniscrew group and tooth root group despite the exiting of PDL cell (p > .05). The biofilm's migration rate differences on various surfaces could be one of the factors accounting for the different inflammatory progression between periodontitis and peri‐implantitis disease.
Highlights
Periodontitis and peri‐implantitis are the most common infectious inflammatory diseases of tooth sockets and gum tissues including around the tissue surrounding bases of teeth or implants that leads to massive tissue resorption
The soft agar gel level, of the S. mutans biofilm showed a thin flat with an irregular shape, in both the 24‐ and 48‐hr biofilm groups, on miniscrews or tooth roots surfaces, with and without periodontal ligament (PDL) cells include within the system
Periodontal and peri‐implant bacterial biofilms are a major source of bacterial infection causing inflammation associated with periodontitis and peri‐implantitis diseases
Summary
Periodontitis and peri‐implantitis are the most common infectious inflammatory diseases of tooth sockets and gum tissues including around the tissue surrounding bases of teeth or implants that leads to massive tissue resorption. Fiber‐enriched connective tissues are observed in peri‐implant mucosa with close contact to with the titanium surface that generates a tight barrier to seal off the bone tissue surrounding the implant from the external environment in oral cavity and prevents the infiltration of microbial pathogens. These small details can explain the strong differences in pathogenesis. The nature of bacterial biofilm migration at solid surfaces in the oral cavity has not been satisfactorily explained, it is likely to contribute to the spread of infection and inflammation in soft mucosa and may in part account for the differences between periodontal biofilm and peri‐implant biofilm formation. This study shall explore the possibility that periodontal ligament (PDL) cells have an effect in the bacterial biofilm formation and its migration over tooth and titanium miniscrew implant surfaces
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
