Abstract
Mushrooms belonging to Pleurotus genus have been demonstrated to have important nutritional and medicinal value and their regular intake prevent many diseases, reduce the infection probability and increase immunity. In order to investigate the bioactive compounds produced by seven commercial (‘142 F’, ‘142 E’, ‘D+’, ‘V turbo’, ‘V 142’, ‘A 12’, ‘V 160’) and five wild-type (‘Albino 1107’, ‘Altamura 1603’, ‘Muro Lucano 139’, ‘Conversano 1250’, ‘Albino beige chiaro 1094’) P. eryngii isolates, the following qualitative analyses were performed: Total polyphenol content, antioxidant activity (EC50 of ABTS) and antiradical power (ARP) in fresh lyophilized and dry basidioma, and water content, β-glucans and phenolic compounds in fresh samples. Standard methods were employed for each of the above mentioned aims. Total polyphenol content was diverse among the P. eryngii isolates. In particular, an elevated polyphenolic content was found in fresh lyophilized P. eryngii samples of the commercial isolates ‘V 142’ followed by ‘A 12’. The highest antiradical activity (ARP) was obtained by ‘Muro Lucano 139’ isolate. Wild P. eryngii isolates were characterized by higher water and β-glucans contents compared to the commercial ones, and the highest values were registered for the ‘Albino beige chiaro 1094’ isolate. In conclusion, the present study allowed us to identify the commercial and wild-type P. eryngii isolates from the Basilicata region, with high nutritional and medicinal value based on their bioactive compounds.
Highlights
No significant effects of status of the isolate on total polyphenol content (TPC), antioxidant activity and antiradical power were found, even if samples of fresh mushrooms, subjected to pre-lyophilization, showed a higher polyphenolic content compared to dried ones (Table 2)
This parameter was determined in all P. eryngii samples and showed quite different amounts, which varied from 0.24 ± 0.01–5.34 ± 0.05 mg g−1
Results from our study, on various P. eryngii isolates, both wild and cultivated types, from the Basilicata region, surely added further knowledge on this fungi and generally agree with the outcomes of several studies previously performed on Edible mushrooms (EMs)
Summary
P. eryngii isolates, the following qualitative analyses were performed: Total polyphenol content, antioxidant activity (EC50 of ABTS) and antiradical power (ARP) in fresh lyophilized and dry basidioma, and water content, β-glucans and phenolic compounds in fresh samples. An elevated polyphenolic content was found in fresh lyophilized P. eryngii samples of the commercial isolates ‘V 142’ followed by ‘A 12’. The present study allowed us to identify the commercial and wild-type P. eryngii isolates from the Basilicata region, with high nutritional and medicinal value based on their bioactive compounds. Many studies have been carried out to identify new compounds from edible mushrooms with biological activity [5,9,10,11,12] and pharmacological and medicinal properties [7,13,14]. Among the most cultivated edible fungi, Pleurotus is a interesting genus due to its nutraceutical properties linked to the polysaccharide fraction [15,16], such as
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